Volume 3 Issue 2 (May 2017)

Iftekhar Ahmed^1*, Md. Rezwan Molla¹, Md. Motiar Rohman² and Md. Amjad Hossain³

¹Plant Genetic Resources Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
²Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
³Training and Communication Wing, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Variability was studied among 246 foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] germplasm collected from different research stations and traditional farming villages of the Bangladesh. The collected genotypes were evaluated in the field at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during winter 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. Qualitative variations were found in plant characters, leaf characters, inflorescence characters and seed characters. Erect and erect geniculate growth habit with non-pigmented, pigmented and deep purple plant was also exhibited among the accessions. Short Inflorescence lobes were present in the maximum number of accessions followed by long lobes but no inflorescence lobes and large and thick inflorescence lobe were present in five and one accession, respectively. Based on lobes compactness, medium was highest followed by loose, compact and spongy inflorescence lobe. Cylindrical, pyramidal, ovate to elliptic and ovate shaped with green and purple coloured inflorescence was present among the accessions. The majority of seed colour were white (58.1%), followed by black (13.4%) and others. Quantitative variations were observed among the accessions. Days to 50% flowering and days to mature seed harvest were 76 to 120 days and 116 to 157 days after sowing, respectively. Numbers of tiller per plant – ranged from 1 to 5.7. The highest coefficient of variation was found in number of tiller per plant (39.93 %) followed by peduncle length (35.59%). Days to seed harvest and days to 50% flowering showed the lowest (6.23% and 9.75%, respectively) coefficient of variation. The genotypes were grouped into ten clusters. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters VI and VII. Therefore, the genotypes belonging these clusters could be selected for future hybridization program.

Keywords: Setaria italic, Variability, Qualitative characters, Quantitative characters, Germplasm.

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: ifti.bari@gmail.com  (Iftekhar Ahmed )

Supplemental information

Cite this article: Ahmed, I., Molla, M.R., Rohman M.M., & Hossain, M.A. (2017). Morphological characterization of Foxtail millet germplasm. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 01-9. 

Md Mahfuzul Hoque¹, Salahuddin Ahmed¹, Md Motiar Rahman¹, Fahmida Akhter² and K.M. Fahid Hossain³

¹Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
²Tuber Crop Research Centre, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
³Research Wing, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A field experiment was undertaken to analyze the genetic divergence of maize inbreds under normal soil moisture condition with an aim to develop high yielding maize hybrids. The experiment was undertaken at Regional Agricultural Research station, Jamalpur during rabi season 2009-2010. The genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. It was observed that all inter cluster distances were larger than all intra-cluster distances. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II & VII followed by II & V, I & II, IV & VII and II & VI. The highest intra cluster distance noticed in cluster V and the lowest in cluster III. The mean value for yield, yield components and growth parameters were highest in cluster III but lowest value for yield in cluster VI and growth parameters in Cluster IV. The 100 grain weight, plant height, ear height and ASI (Anthesis Silking Interval) contributed considerably to total divergence. Results obtained from this study indicate that the genetically diverged genotypes in these distinct clusters could be used as parents in hybridization program for getting desirable hybrid(s).

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Maize (Zea mays L.), Cluster, D² statistics.

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mahfuzbari@yahoo.com (Md. Mahfuzul Haque)

Cite this article: Hoque, M.M., Ahmed, S., Rohman M.M., Akter, F., & Hossain, K.M.F. (2017). Study on genetic diversity of maize inbreds. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 10-12. 

Md. Raihan Talukder¹, Nure Yusuv², Md. Abdul Wadud³ and Md. Azizul Haque⁴

¹Department of Environmental Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh
²Spices Research Sub-Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
³Spices Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogra-2231, Bangladesh
⁴Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A field experiment was conducted to find out an optimum dose of N, P, K and S for yield maximization of fennel during the rabi season of 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 at Spices Research Center (SRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Shibganj, Bogra. Treatments comprising four levels of N (0, 30, 60, 90 kg ha^-1), P (0, 10, 20, 30 kg ha^-1), K (0, 25, 50, 75 kg ha^-1) and S (0, 5, 10, 15 kg ha^-1) was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The combined effect of NPKS significantly increased yield and yield attributes of fennel. The highest seed yield of 1804 kg ha^-1 during 2011-2012 and 1569 kg ha^-1 during 2012-2013 was obtained from T₃ (N₆₀ P₃₀ K₅₀ S₁₀ kg ha^-1). From the regression analysis, it can be concluded that around 50 kg nitrogen, 15 kg phosphorous, 50 kg potassium and 10 kg sulphur per hectare of land was found optimum for fennel production in terrace soil of level Barind tract, Bogra.

Keywords: Foeniculume vulgare, Terrace soil, Fertilizer dose

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: raihan_soilsci@yahoo.com (Md. Raihan Talukder)

Cite this article: Talukder, M.R., Yusuv, N., Wadud, M.A., & Haque, M.A. (2017). Development of fertilizer recommendation for Fennel in the Grey Terrace soil of Level Barind Tract. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 13-17. 

Sabrina Shabnam¹, Bulbul Ahmed^2*, A.H.M. Motiur Rahman Talukder², Md. Arafat Hossain³, Md. Toufiqur Rashid⁴, Md. Jahangir Alam⁵, Mominur Rahman⁵, Mousumi Sultana⁶, Rumana Akter⁷  and Lutfun Nahar⁸

¹Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh
²Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
³Seed Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
⁴Floriculture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
⁵Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
⁶Tuber Crop Research Sub Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Seujgari, Bogra-5800, Bangladesh
7Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
⁸Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A study was conducted to screen out the low temperature tolerant Boro rice seedlings during the period of November 2013 to January 2014 in research farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The experimental area was facing rice production challenges due to climate change in the recent past. During cultivation period prevailing environmental temperature was below 15 ^oC. Seven rice cultivars (V₁: BR-11; V₂: BR-16; V₃: BRRI dhan28; V₄: BRRI dhan29; V₅: BRRI dhan50; V₆: BINA dhan7; and V₇: Hybrid SL-8H) varieties were selected for the study. The seedling shoot length, shoot weight and root length, root weight, total biomass, and seed mortality rate were investigated. The highest shoot length was measured in V₇ (9.56 cm at 33 DAS) and the highest percent shoot dry weight was found in V₇ (34.63 g at 33 DAS). Again, the highest root length (4.09 cm) and root dry weight (10.070 g) were measured in V₃ at 33 DAS. Most interestingly, V₇ plants showed the best performing cultivars among the tested varieties responding dry biomass production. Conversely, the V₃ cultivars showed very poor at low temperature at 12, 19, 26 DAS.  Total biomass tends to decrease by low temperature environment. The highest mortality percentage was recorded in V₁ and V₅ (31.56 and 31.67%). The lowest seed germination percentage was found in V₇ (11.33%). The cultivar (Hybrid SL-8H) having highest seed germination percentage is lower temperature stress tolerate than other cultivars.

Keywords: Growing temperature, Rice cultivars, Seedling mortality

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: kbdahmed@gmail.com (Bulbul Ahmed)

Cite this article: Shabnam, S.,  Ahmed, B., Talukder, A.H.M.M.R., Hossain, M.A., Rashid, M.T., Alam, M.J., Rahman, M., Sultana, M., Akter, R., & Nahar, L. (2017). Seasonal low temperatures affect the growth of rice seedlings in Northern Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 18-23. 

Assi Apie Nadège Marina¹, Aboua Louis Roi Nondenot¹, Obodji Adagba¹*, Tano Djè Kevin Christian², N’Guessan Ehikpa Naomie Melinand¹, Kadio Ekien Alloua Ahébé Bertille¹ and Séri -Kouassi Badama Philomène¹

¹University Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan -Cocody, UFR-Biosciences, Laboratory of Zoologie and Animale Biology, 22 PO Box 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire 
²University Jean Lorougnon Guédé of Daloa, UFR-Agroforestery and environment, PO Box 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire

Bactrocera cucurbitae and B. dorsalis are two fruits flies which cause significant damage to cucumber in Côte d’Ivoire. In perspective control, a monitoring of their populations was conducted during two periods (from April 2014 to March 2015 and from April 2015 to March 2016). Cucumber orchards were carried out in Dabou, South of Cote d’Ivoire. The catches of flies were made at twice a week to different phenological stages in traps made of yellow bowl. B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis were collected during the four seasons of the year. These flies are predominant in crops during the fruit maturation stage. During the two study periods, the numbers of flies caught the rainy seasons were 3906 individuals for B. cucurbitae, 519 individuals for B. dorsalis and the rainy seasons, the numbers of flies were 1129 individuals for B. cucurbitae, 427 individuals for B. dorsalis.  B. cucurbitae was more abundant than B. dorsalis on cucumber crop. Cucumber is preferred host of B. cucurbitae. The rainy seasons seem to be favorable to the development of these two flies.

Keywords: Bactrocera cucurbitae, B. dorsalis, Cucumis sativa, Growing seasons, Phenological stages, Colored traps

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: obodjiada@yahoo.fr  (Obodji Adagba)

Cite this article: Assi, A.N.M., Aboua, L.R.N., Obodji, A., Tano, D.K.C., N’Guessan, E.N.M., Kadio, E.A.A.B., & Séri –Kouassi, B.P. (2017). Seasonal variation of the population of two fruits flies in the cultivation of cucumber in Dabou, South of Côte d’Ivoire. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 24-34. 

Rakhi Das^1,2, Subhash Chandra Chakraborty² and  Abu Rayhan¹

¹Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh
²Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

This study evaluated shelf-life quality of two different temperature (60ºC and 80ºC) treated smoked Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), by analyzed their biochemical (proximate and chemical) composition and sensory evaluation during storage at refrigeration temperature (4°C). For this purpose a locally made improved smoking kiln was used. Treatment “A” was processed at 60ºC temperature  for 2 hrs and “B” was processed at 80ºC temperature for 1.5 hrs  under laboratory method. There was a general decline in sensory characteristics i.e. color, texture, odor, general appearance and mean of acceptability of fish- product during storage. The differences in the biochemical composition of the fresh and smoke-dried samples were statistically significant (p<0.05). Moisture (%) and TVB-N value (mgN/100gm) increased significantly whereas protein (%), lipid (%) and ash (%) content significantly decreased. The initial value of moisture, protein, lipid, ash, salt and TVB-N of freshly smoked Tilapia was  67.55%, 18.77%, 4.26%, 3.52%, 9.37%, 4.29% in treatment A and 72.05%, 17.64%, 4.24%, 4.36%, 5.31%, 5.24% in treatment B respectively. Between these two different temperature treated Smoked Tilapia, product prepared at 60°C treatment A became spoiled at 65 days whereas product prepared at 80°C treatment B smoke-dried product  remain in good condition   up to 45 days. This is because of the variation of temperature affects the moisture content of product. Due to high temperature (80 ºC) moisture content remain high and product’s shelf-life decrease and product comparatively soft. Whereas at 60ºC temperature product comparatively hard and had longer shelf-life. Therefore, considering all the quality parameters it showed that the hot smoked products prepared at 60ºC could be stored for two months after smoking retaining its unique taste and flavor.

Keywords: Tilapia, Smoking, Shelf-life, Smoking kiln, Organoleptic evaluation

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: dasfisheries@gmail.com (Rakhi Das)

Cite this article: Das, R., Chakraborty, S.C. & Rayhan,  A. (2017). Comparative Shelf-life quality analysis of smoked tilapia using two different temperatures. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 35-41. 

Md. Abu Syeead¹, Mritunjoy Paul², Anuradha Bhadra³, Md. Jahangir Alam⁴ and Monoranjan Das⁵

¹Department of Fisheries, Barhatta, Netrokona-2440 Bangladesh
²Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh
³Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh
⁴Department of Agricultural Extension, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
⁵Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A study was carried out on the quality assessment of fish feed used in different shing (Heteropneustes fossilis) farms of Muktagacha Upazila in Mymensingh District. A total of 10 shing feeds viz. as C.P, Nourish, Arab, Quality Feed, New Hope, Paragon, Chamok, Mega, Cherish and a Farm made feed were collected at monthly interval during February to April 2014. The samples were analyzed for proximate composition in the Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Growth data were collected from farms record book and analyzed later on. The moisture content of feeds varied from 13.96 to 10.57%. Lipid content varied from 10.38 to 2.69%. The highest 33.60% protein was observed in Quality feed and the lowest (25.9%) observed in Arab feed. The highest ash (14.09%) was observed in farm made feed and the lowest ash (8.50%) observed in New Hope feed. Crude fibre content ranged between 6.60 to 4.20%. The carbohydrate varied from 40.45 to 24.84%. The maximum final weight 68.96g was observed in C.P feed while the lowest 21.05g for Arab feed. The highest weight gain (63.63g) exhibited by C.P feed whereas the lowest (19.11g) for Arab feed. The highest SGR (70.43%) exhibited by C.P feed and lowest SGR (20.55%) exhibited by Cherish feed. The maximum Production 57.99kg/dec./90 days exhibited by Chamok feed while the lowest 26.25kg/dec./90 days exhibited by Arab feed. The best FCR observed was 2.97 by feeding C.P feed and the lowest FCR observed in 4.12 by feeding Mega feed. Survival rate was varied from 96.39 to 78.36%. The maximum Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) 2.81 and the minimum 0.89 was found with Abu Suffian Khan farm and Sabuj farm respectively. The results of the present work will be very much helpful to fish farmers for feed selection and bargain with the feed traders to select suitable feed for their fish to ensure profitable aquaculture operation.

Keywords: Fish feed, Shing, Heteropneustes fossilis, Bangladesh

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: bilash.bau@gmail.com (Mritunjoy Paul)

Cite this article: Syeead MA, Paul M, Bhadra A, Alam MJ & Das M  (2017). Quality assessment of fish feed used in different shing (Heteropneustes fossilis) farms of Muktagacha upazila in Mymensingh district. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 42-49. 

Md. Mominur Rahman¹, Abu Rayhan², M. N. Hossen¹, M. F. Siddique³, Md. Ali Reza Faruk¹, Mehedi Islam⁴

¹Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
²Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
³Senior Scientific Officer, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh
⁴Product Executive Aggravate Division, Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Bangladesh

Fish health  management was  one  of  the  major  areas where  aqua farmers  used  a  lot  of antibiotics and disinfectants. Various pharmaceuticals companies were found to provide these drugs and chemicals with different trade names to meet the farmers demand. The study was carried out to know the present status of use of commercial aqua drugs and chemicals and their impact on fish health. Data were collected through questionnaire interview with fish farmers, drug sellers, personal contact and  market survey from selected area in Mymensing district. Ten categories of drugs and chemicals were  identified  that  have  been  using  by  fish  farmers  for  different purposes.  The categories included antibiotics, disinfectants, gas removal, oxygen supplier, vitamins and minerals, growth promoter, insect killer, algae killer, predator killer and pH balance. The companies included Fish Tech, Renata, Firstcare, ACI, ACME, Square, Samco, Novartis, Eon, Opsonin, Al Madina, Rals, Organic, Padma, Nature care,  Advance and SK+F etc. Different types of fish diseases like epizootic ulcerative syndrome or EUS, tail and fin rot, red and white spot and dropsy in Shing (Heteropneustes fossilis), Koi (Anabas testudineus),  Tilapia  (Oreochromis  nilotica)  and  Pangus  (Pangasianodon  hypophthalmus) were  observed in  the  study area.  Farmers used a  lot  of  drugs  and chemicals single or combined to overcome disease and health problems of their cultured fishes. Farmer got good recovery of disease after treating with drugs. During the field observation some problems were identified in using aqua-drugs which include poor understanding of farmers about the application of drugs, inadequate withdrawal period and some adverse effect on fish and human health.

Keywords: Aqua drugs, Chemicals, Fish, Pond

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: rayhanbau@gmail.com (Abu Rayhan)

Cite this article: Rahman MM, Rayhan A, Hossen MN, Siddique MF, Faruk MAR & Islam M (2017). Use of commercial aqua drugs and chemicals for fish production in Mymensigh district. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 50-55. 

Angkur Mohammad Imteazzaman¹*, Shipon Das², M Mojibar Rahman¹, Alok Kumar Paul², Md. Abdul Khaleque², A.M. Farhaduzzaman³

¹The WorldFish, Bangladesh and South Asia Office, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh
²Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
³Assistant Manager (Program), Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation (PKSF), Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

A 90 days’ study have been carried out from 1^st August to 30^th October to determine the suitable diet for walking cat fish (Clarias batrachus Linn) culture in nine earthen ponds situated at the hatchery complex, Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design having three treatments namely T1, T2, T3, with three replications. Three different low cost diet viz. T₁-diet 1 (30% protein level), T₂-diet 2 (27% protein level) and T₃-diet 3 (24% protein level). Feeds were formulated using poultry viscera and rice polish for diet 1, only commercial pellet feed for diet 2 and mustard oil cake and rice polish for diet 3. The stocking density was 49400 individuals/ha. The feeding rate was 5% for total culture period. The SGR and FCR value were 0.92±0.21 and 2.02 in T_1, 0.83±0.10 and 3.62 in T₂ and 0.70±0.025 and 4.14, respectively in T₃. The values showed significantly (P>0.05) different among the treatments. The production C. batrachus ranged obtained 3389.4±240.23, 3132.9±387.48 and 2595.2±456.45 kg/ha/90days in T₁ T₃ and T_3, and diet 1 resulted significantly (P<0.05) highest production. A simple economic analysis showed that treatment T₁ generated the maximum net profit of Tk. 713542 /ha/90 days. Water quality parameters such as temperature (⁰C), transparency (cm), pH, dissolved oxygen (mg l^-1) and NH₃-N (mg l^-1) were monitored fortnightly. Mean values of the water quality parameters showed no significant differences (P>0.05) among the treatments in two trials except NH₃-N in trial one. Present findings indicated that the production and net profit was significantly higher with treatment T₁ (diet 1; 30 % protein level).

Keywords: Clarias batrachus, Magur, Pond, Aquaculture

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: zeroankur@gmail.com (A M Imteazzaman)

Cite this article: Imteazzaman AM, Das S, Rahman MM, Paul AK, Khaleque MA & Farhaduzzaman AM (2017). Suitable diet for walking cat fish (Clarias batrachus Linn. 1758) in earthen ponds . Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 56-62. 

Md. Jahangir Alam¹, Mritunjoy Paul², Parvez Chowdhury³, Md. Abu Syeead⁴ and Mohammad Jiaul Hoque¹

¹Department of Agricultural Extension Education, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
²Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh
³Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201,Bangladesh
⁴Department of Fisheries, Barhatta, Netrokona-2440 Bangladesh

The main purpose of the study was to determine the constraints experienced by the hatchery operators in the production of fish fry and to explore the relationships between eight selected characteristics of the hatchery operators and their constraints in the production of fish fry. Field work for the study was conducted in sadar Upazila under Mymensingh district. Data were collected from 70 selected hatchery operators from the study area. A structured personal interview schedule was used for collecting data during April to May 2014. Coefficient of correlation(r) was used to explore the relationships between the concerned variables. The study demonstrated five aspects of constraints: namely- rearing broodfish, breeding, rearing of fish fry, transportation of fish fry, capital constraints; were considered for measuring hatchery operators’ constraints in the production of fish fry. The selected characteristics of the hatchery operators were: age, educational qualification, household size, area under hatchery operation, knowledge on hatchery management, annual income, extension media contact and organizational participation. The observed constraints score of the hatchery operators ranged from 15 to 52 against the possible range of 0 to 60. The average constraints score was 32.32. Majority (72.86) of the hatchery operators were found to face medium constraints, while 12.86 percent faced low constraints and 14.28 percent faced high constraints in the production of fish fry. Constraints Facing Index (CFI) for all the 20 constraints items ranged from 8 to 176. Among the total 20 constraints under five aspects “lack of capital (CFI=176)” had the highest CFI and “unavailability of proper transport (CFI=8)” had the lowest. Among the eight characteristics of the hatchery operators, area under hatchery operation, knowledge on hatchery management, annual income and extension media contact showed significantly negative relationship with constraints. On the other hand, age, educational qualification, household size and organizational participation of the respondents did not show any significant relationship with their constraints.

Keywords: Constrain, Hatchery operators, Fish fry

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: bilash.bau@gmail.com (Mritunjoy Paul)

Cite this article: Alam MJ , Paul M, Chowdhury P, Syeead MA & Hoque MJ (2017). Constraints experienced by the hatchery operators in the production of fish fry. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 63-71. 

Shipon Das¹*, Md. Abdul Khaleque¹, Angkur Mohammad Imteazzaman², Alok Kumar Paul¹, Iftee Aziz Tanu¹, A.M. Farhaduzzaman³

¹Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
²The WorldFish, Bangladesh and South Asia Office, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh
³Assistant Manager (Program), Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation (PKSF), Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

The present work deals with the effect of predatory behaviour of Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) on small carp species (Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix etc.). Three experiments were conducted in the laboratory condition and two aquariums were used for each experiment. To observe the predatory effect of C. batrachus on small carp species each experiment were set with treatment-I and treatment-II. The supplementary feed was provided for the treatment-I and supplementary feed was not provided for treatment-II. Different size of C. batrachus such as fingerling, adult size and large size are used as predators in the experiment-1, experiment-2 and experiment-3 respectively and different stages of carp species fry such as hatchling, early fry, fry, advanced fry and fingerling are used as preys in each experiment. At the end of the study the result was found to be varied among the experiments. In experiment-1, the highest predation rate of fingerling of C. batrachus on hatchling and early fry were 95 and 92.5% respectively during treatment-II. The lowest predation rate was on fry (10, 20%), advanced fry (0, 0%) and fingerling (0, 0%) of carp species in both treatment-I and II respectively. The highest rate of predation by adult size of C. batrachus on hatchling, early fry and fry were 92.50, 97.50 and 80% respectively in treatment-II during experiment-2. The lowest predation rate was found on advanced fry (5, 10%) and fingerling (0, 0%) both treatment-I and II during experiment-2. In experiment-3, predation rate of large size of C. batrachus on hatching, early fry and fry were 85, 90 and 95% respectively in treatment-II, which were not provided supplementary feed whereas in case of providing supplementary feed 67.5, 60 and 65% predation rate were found. The lowest predation rate of large C. batrachus on fingerling of carp species was nil both treatment-I and II. In case of the study we observed that the supplied feed can justly keep down of predation rate of C. batrachus.

Keywords: Clarias batrachus, Predator, Carp

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: spbfri2013@gmail.com (Shipon Das)

Cite this article: Das S, Khaleque MA, Imteazzaman AM, Paul AK, Tanu IA & Farhaduzzaman AM (2017). Predatory effect of Cat fish (Clarias batrachus) on small carp species. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3,2, 72 -78. 

Md. Mosiur Rahman^{1, *}, K.A.M. Mostafizar Rahman², Md. Emdadul Hoque³, Md.Shahin Iqbal⁴ and Nazmun Naher¹ 

¹Pulses Research Sub-Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
²Tuber Crop Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
³Hill Tract Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Khagrachari, Bangladesh
⁴Pulses Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Pabna, Bangladesh

The experiment was conducted at Pulses Research Centre, Ishwardi, Pabna, Regional Agricultural Research Station Jessore and Jamalpur, Regianal Pulse Research Station, Madaripur, Onfarm Research Division, Barind, Rajshahi and Pulses Research Sub Centre, Gazipur during kharif-II, 2015 to find out desirable lines of Blackgram. Six Blackgram lines BBLX-07002-1, BBLX-07002-5, BBLX-06002-10, BBLX-02005-1 and 86337 were used in the experiment where BARI Mash-3 was used as a check variety. The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with three replications seeds were sown in the field on 10 to 20 August 2015. Each entry was sown in 6 rows 4 m long plot with a spacing of 40 cm between rows. Spacing between two plots were 40 cm. The genotypes 86337 gave highest average yield (1206 kg ha^-1) among the genotypes followed by BBLX-06002-10(1089 kg ha^-1) and BBLX-07002-5 (1076 kg ha^-1). It also produced highest seed yield in Joydebpur (1334 kg ha^-1) across the locations. Out of six locations 86337 genotypes produced a good yield (1206 kg ha^-1) on the other hand, the lowest average yield was obtained from the genotypes BBLX-07002-1 (1043 kg ha^-1). The lines 86337, BBLX-06002-10, BBLX-07002-5 and 86337 gave greater seed yield which would be used for crop improvement breeding programs.

Keywords: Vigna mungo, Advanced genotypes, Regional performance, Yield attributes

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mosiur1979@yahoo.com (Md. Mosiur Rahman)

Cite this article: Rahman, M.M, Rahman, K.A.M.M., Hoque, M.E., Iqbal, M.S., & Naher, N. (2017). Performance of advanced black gram genotypes in different pulse growing regions of Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 88-91. 

Md. Azizul Haq Fakir*, Mahmuda Islam and Atawar Rahman           

Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

The experiment was undertaken to study the keeping quality of pasteurized milk at different temperatures (4°C, 7°C and 15°C. One hundred eight pasteurized milk samples were obtained from three different renowned milk company, out of which thirty six samples were collected from each of the three different renowned milk company as replication. All the samples were subjected to physical and microbiological examination. Total viable count and coliform count were done for the microbiological quality at different holding periods at day 0, 2, 5, 6, 8 and day 10 storage at 4°C, 7°C and 15°C. The results revealed that the average highest total viable count in the pasteurized milk was log 8.8325 at 15°C for 10 day storage and lowest value was log 4.0828 at 4°C for 0 day. Average highest coliform was log 2.8808 at 15°C for day 10 storage and lowest value was 0 at after 2^nd days of storage at 4°C. It was concluded that pasteurized milk should be held at 4°C to achieve maximum shelf life. Further quality and shelf life of pasteurized milk depends on the raw milk quality, hygienic production of milk and improvement of storage facilities.

Keywords: Pasteurized milk, Quality, Temperature

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: a_h_rajib@ yahoo.com (MAH Fakir)

Cite this article: Fakir, M.A.H., Islam, M. &  Rahman, A. (2017). Keeping quality of pasteurized milk at different temperature. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 92-97. 

Rabiul Islam¹, * Most. Arifunnahar², Mohammad Sarifuddin Bhuiyan³        

¹Oilseeds Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
²Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
³On Farm Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bandarban, Bangladesh

Cultivation of resistant or tolerant varieties is the easiest way to protect mustard crop from insect pests. Varietal screening for aphid resistance and stability of seed yield under aphid-infested and protected environment would help in identifying the tolerant varieties for aphid attack. The present study was conducted in the field of the Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, during Rabi season of 2014-2015. Twenty six entries of rapeseed and mustard were evaluated against mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.). In three entries of Brassica rapa, namely BC-05115, BC-9921, BC-05117 (25.7-30.4 aphids/plant)   and of Brassica juncea BJDH-01, BJDH-12 (6.6 -7.0 aphids/plant) comparatively less aphid infestation were found than the check and other entries. From the result of this experiment, it was observed that Brassica rapa entries were attacked by the highest number of aphid while Brassica juncea had the lowest aphid infestation.

Keywords: Lipaphis erysimi Kalt., Brassica rapa, Brassica juncea, Germplasm, Seasonal occurrence

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: rabientom@yahoo.com (Rabiul Islam)

Cite this article: Islam, R., Arifunnahar, M., & Bhuiyan, M.S. (2017). Screening of rapeseed and mustard entries against aphid under field condition. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 98-100. 

M. Kaisar¹, M.H Kabir², R. I. Khan¹ and M. A. Hashem¹        

¹Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
²BAU Extension Center (BAUEC), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh 

The study was conducted in Ramna area of Dhaka city to know the present status of raw and processed meat. The overall condition of raw and processed products availability, price, preference, hygiene, production, sell etc were studied. Consumer’s concept and their preference for the product, idea about price, reason for preference, hygienic observation etc were observed. Fifty raw and processed meat sellers and 25 consumers were selected in the study area to collect data from them and according to their provided information the study came into a result. Mostly the young people are interested in the processed meat products. From the study it is obtained that, 69% of total meat supply are used in processed products and only 31% are used for household consumption. The consumer prefers burger mostly though it varies from shop to shop. Consumer mostly prefers the products for its flavor 28%. They usually comes in the processed shop weekly, they hardly comes daily. 60% consumers come in the shop weekly. The 50% consumers said that the hygienic conditions of the products are fair. The processed meat sellers preserve meat at 4⁰C. The raw seller keeps the meat at normal temperature. The transportation system is based on rickshaw van and refrigerated covered van.

Keywords: Raw meat, Proceed meat, Market price, Demand and supply

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: hashem_as@bau.edu.bd (M. A. Hashem)

Cite this article: Kaisar, M., Kabir, M.H., Khan,  R. I., & Hashem, M. A. (2017). Raw and processed meat in Ramna area of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 101-104. 

Md. Saiful Islam¹*,  Md Sydur Rahman², Farzana Akter², Md. Moniruzzaman¹

¹Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh
²Department of Fisheries, Government Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

The study was conducted for a period of five months (July 2016 to October 2016). Northern Bangladesh has a great potential for aquaculture development. Farmers in this region practice aquaculture in many patterns. The study investigated the production economics and profitability of aquaculture practicing in Northern Bangladesh. The study shows aquaculture in Northern Bangladesh is feasible and profitable with a cost-benefit ratio of 1:0.50 for commercial fish culture. The per hectare total cost of production of commercial fish culture are BDT 1, 58,930 and the per hectare net returns of commercial fish culture, BDT 2, 44,075. However, the farmers made the highest profit from commercial fish culture. These factors are directly or jointly responsible for influencing the per hectare net returns of all types of aquaculture. The sensitivity analysis shows that the variable costs including cost of fertilizers, fish feeds and fish seeds are the main factors affecting profitability.

Keywords: Aquaculture, CBR, Cost, Income, Northern Bangladesh

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: msi.89p@gmail.com (MS Islam)

Cite this article: Islam, M.S., Rahman, M.S.,   Akter, F., & Moniruzzaman,  M. (2017). RCost benefit analysis of aquaculture in northern part of Bangladesh, Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 3, 2, 105-107.