Fed cattle market integration in the post mandatory price reporting period in United States |
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| Kazi Tamim Rahman, Syed Haroon Bin Farrukh and Md. Salauddin Palash; Pages: 51-55 Kazi Tamim Rahman1 , Syed Haroon Bin Farrukh2, Md. Salauddin Palash3 1Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh Price integration in regional fed cattle markets has been a significant subject of debate among Agricultural Economics researchers and industry participants. The issue stems from geographical distance between production and consumptions localities, perishable nature of fed cattle and considerable transportation cost. The Mandatory Price Reporting Act of 1999 improved the cointegration among the regional fed cattle markets. Using methodology of Pendell and Schroeder, it was discovered that prices remained highly cointegrated in the post Mandatory Price Reporting (MPR) period. In addition, findings of the research outlined that that following the annulment of MPR, the voluntary price reporting system is as efficient in reflecting precise information as was the Mandatory Price Reporting system. Key words: Fed cattle market, mandatory price reporting, market integration, cointegration Cite this article: Rahman, K.T., Farrukh, S.H.B., & Palash, M.S. (2016). Fed cattle market integration in the post mandatory price reporting period in United States. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 51-55. |
Time varying model for detection of trend in time series data of monthly count of rainy days in monsoon |
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| Md. Asadul Islam, Muhammad Shahrukh Rahman and Md. Abdul Matin; Pages: 56-63 Md. Asadul Islam1*, Muhammad Shahrukh Rahman2 and Md. Abdul Matin1 1Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh This study examines the pattern of the number of rainy days in monsoon season and various time series methods used for detection of trend and forecast the future. Rainfall data was collected from Dhaka rainfall recording station from the periods 1973-2008. Monsoon period was considered because of the importance of rainfall affecting the crop production. The traditional classical decomposition method and Box-Jenkins methods were carried out to detect trend and forecast of future value. Time varying method was used for detection of trend and forecast future value to get the better estimated value than the traditional methods. Besides most appropriate state-space representation of the model were used for analyzing the data. This study reveals that in the classical decomposition method the predicted value of the log of the number rainy days rise slightly. It does not follow the same pattern as the original value. On the other hand the predicted value provides the similar pattern of the original data in the Box-Jenkins methods. Again the predicted value in the state-space representation methods follows the same pattern of the original data value. The predicted value which is obtained by state space representation is very similar to the original data value. For that state-space representation of the model gives better result in time series analysis for forecasting. In the time varying method the predicted values give the better result because its values are much closer to the original data set than the traditional time series model. It overcomes the limitations of the constant slope coefficient and makes the series stationary. It is revealed from the study that the numbers of rainy days are decreasing over time in the monsoon. This work will be helpful for further study of the spatial rainfall distribution over the country by considering all rainfall recording station of the country. Key words: Rainy days, Time Varying Model, Classical Decomposition Method, Box-Jenkins method Cite this article: Islam, M. A., Rahman, M. S., & Matin, M. A. (2016). Time varying model for detection of trend in time series data of monthly count of rainy days in monsoon. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 56-63. |
Factors affecting the quality of indigenous ram semen in Bangladesh |
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| Md. Faruk Ahmmed, Arup Ratan Chaki, Md. Zinnu Rine, Farida Yeasmin Bari and Md. Golam Shahi Alam; Pages: 64-70 Md. Faruk Ahmmed*, Arup Ratan Chaki, Md. Zinnu Rine, Farida Yeasmin Bari and Md. Golam Shahi Alam Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh The aims of the present study were to determine the influence of age, body weight, collection interval and temperature of environment on the quality of indigenous ram semen. Eight indigenous rams were used in this study. The rams were divided into two groups considering age (24-36 and 37-48 months), body weight (12-18 kg and 18-24 kg), collection interval (3 days and 7 days interval) and environmental temperature (25-29°C and 29-32°C temperature). Semen was collected by artificial vagina method and ejaculates were collected from each ram. After collection the semen was evaluated for macroscopic characteristics by standard procedures. The volume and sperm concentration were significantly (P<0.05) higher at 37-48 months of age (1.4±0.1 vs. 1.3 ±0.1, 4.8±1.0 vs. 4.4±0.9), whereas, the percentages of live and normal spermatozoa was significantly (P<0.05) higher at 24-36 months of age (90.0±1.8 vs. 88.9±2.8, 92.1±1.4 vs. 91.2±1.7) compared with 37-48 months of age. The percentages of normal spermatozoa was significantly (P<0.05) higher (92.0±1.4 vs. 91.2±1.8) in 12- 18 kg body weight group. The volume was significantly (P<0.05) higher at 7 days interval (1.4±0.1 vs. 1.3 ±0.2). Whereas the percentages of live and normal spermatozoa were significantly (P<0.05) higher at 3 days interval group (91.0±1.0 vs. 90.0±1.8, 93.1±1.0 vs. 92.2±1.5). The volume of ejaculate, sperm motility and percentages of live and normal spermatozoa were significantly (P<0.05) higher at 25-29°C temperature group (1.4±0.1 vs. 1.3±0.2, 84.8±3 vs. 83.1±2.5, 89.9±1.6 vs. 88.8±2.4, 92.0±1.5 vs. 91.2±1.6). In conclusions, better quality semen may be obtained in indigenous rams at 37-48 months age, weighing 18-24 kg, at 3 days collection intervals in 25-29° C temperature in Bangladesh. Further study is required to draw a final conclusion. Key words: Indigenous ram, Semen quality, Factors affecting quality, Bangladesh Cite this article: Ahmmed, M. F., Chaki, A. R., Rine, M. Z., Bari F. Y., & Alam, M. G. S. (2016). Factors affecting the quality of indigenous ram semen in Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 64-70. |
Enhancement of farm productivity through intercropping of vegetables, pulse and oilseed crops with wheat at Jamuna Char area of Islampur in Jamalpur District |
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| AHM Motiur Rahman Talukder, Bulbul Ahmed, Lutfun Nahar, KM Fahid Hossain, Jubaidur Rahman and Santosh Kumar Paul; Pages: 71-76 AHM Motiur Rahman Talukder1*, Bulbul Ahmed1, Lutfun Nahar2, KM Fahid Hossain3, Jubaidur Rahman4 and Santosh Kumar Paul5 1Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh An experiment was conducted during winter cropping (rabi) season at the farmer’s field of Jamuna Char area of Gutail, Islampur in Jamalpur district of Bangladesh. The experiment comprised of 30 cm × continuous planting systems of wheat and the intercrops such as mustard, garden pea; grass pea, spinach, lentil and chickpea were grown with wheat following randomized complete block design in three replications. There were seven treatment combinations viz. T1= Sole wheat (100%) (30 cm × continuous), T2= 100% wheat + one row mustard between two rows of wheat, T3= 100% wheat + one row garden pea between two rows of wheat, T4= 100% wheat + one row grass pea between two rows of wheat, T5= 100% wheat + one row lentil between two rows of wheat, T6= 100% wheat + one row spinach between two rows of wheat, T7= 100% wheat + one row chick pea between two rows of wheat. From the experiment it revealed that intercropping of vegetables and pulses with wheat is more profitable than sole cropping of wheat. Wheat yield differed significantly among the different intercropping combinations. The maximum and minimum wheat yields 3.80 t ha-1 and 2.80 t ha-1 were obtained from sole wheat and wheat intercropped with mustard combinations, respectively. Wheat equivalent yields in the intercrops ranged from 3.80-5.38 t ha-1. The maximum cost of cultivation Tk. 82,540 ha-1 was obtained from wheat + chick pea intercropping system while the minimum cost of cultivation Tk. 66,960 ha-1 was obtained from sole wheat planting system. The treatment wheat + chickpea intercropping system produced the maximum gross return Tk. 1,78,950 ha-1 followed by Tk. 1,72,600 ha-1 in wheat + garden pea and Tk. 1,72,000 ha-1 in wheat + grass pea intercropping system respectively while the minimum gross return Tk. 1,31,100 ha-1 from wheat + mustard intercropping system. The maximum gross margin Tk. 97,460 ha-1 was obtained from the wheat + grass pea intercropping system followed by Tk. 96,410 ha-1 and Tk. 91,660 ha-1 was obtained from wheat + chickpea and wheat + garden pea intercropping systems respectively. Wheat + grass pea intercropping system contribute the maximum benefit cost ratio (2.30) followed by wheat + chick pea (2.20), wheat + garden pea (2.10) and wheat + spinach (2.10). Key words: Farm productivity, Intercropping, Vegetables, Pulse and oilseeds, Jamuna Char
Cite this article: Takukder, A. H. M. M. R., Ahmed, B., Nahar, L., Hossain, K. M. F., Rahman, J., & Paul, S. K. (2016). Enhancement of farm productivity through intercropping of vegetables, pulse and oilseed crops with wheat at Jamuna Char area of Islampur in Jamalpur District. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 71-76. |
Development of bio-control based management package for the major insect pest of soybean |
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| Rabiul Islam, Md. Mosiur Rahman, Saiful Islam, Md. Abdur Rajjak Choudhury and Md. Samsuzzaman; Pages: 77-79 Rabiul Islam1, Md. Mosiur Rahman2*, Saiful Islam3, Md. Abdur Rajjak Choudhury4 and Md. Samsuzzaman5 1Oilseed Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh The experiment was conducted at the farmer’s field in Nokahali district of Bangladesh. There were four management packages viz. IPM Package 1: Hand Picking + Pheromone trap + Bracon hebetor + Trichograma chilonis + Bio neem Plus 1EC, IPM Package 2: Hand Picking + Pheromone trap + Bracon hebetor + Trichograma chilonis + Tracer, Package 3: Farmer’s practices: Nitro 505 EC and Package 4: Untreated control. The highest infestation reduction of pest complex (common cutworm, leaf roller, pod borer and hairy caterpillar) was 87.36 in IPM Package 2 treated plots i.e. hand picking + Sex pheromone of Sodoptera litura + release of Bracon hebetor, Trychogramma chilonis and Tracer. The IPM package 2 produced the highest seed yield (2.01 t/ha) with calculated the highest net return (Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio). Therefore, IPM pakage 2 viz, Hand picking + Pheromone trap of Spodoptera litura + release of bio-control agent was found effective (more than 87% infestation reduction) for managing pest complex (common cutworm, leaf roller, pod borer and hairy caterpillar) in soybean. Key words: Bio-control agents, Management package, Major insect pest, Economic analysis *Corresponding author. Cite this article: Islam, R., Rahman, M. M., Islam, S., Choudhury, M. A. R., & Samsuzzaman, M. (2016). Development of bio-control based management package for the major insect pest of soybean. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 77-79. |
Estimation of genetic parameters on the performance of Brahama graded calves |
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| Golam Sagir Ahmad, Md.Miraz Hussain, Md.Nazrul Islam, Shovon Chakma and Ayesha Siddiqua ; Pages: 80-85 Golam Sagir Ahmad1*, Md.Miraz Hussain2, Md.Nazrul Islam3, Shovon Chakma4, Ayesha Siddiqua5 1Department of Genetics and Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2200, Bangladesh Present study was carried out to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for early growth traits of Brahma graded calves. Data were collected from the records of selected areas of Bangladesh under the collaboration of ongoing projects of the Department of Livestock Services (DLS) and the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics of Bangladesh Agricultural University. The data consisted of different pedigree information of 233 graded calves. The variances and covariance were estimated using VCE (Variance Component Estimation) software. The records on crossbred calves were birth weight, average daily gain and yearling weight with value of. 21.394 kg, 460.337 g and 187.195 kg, respectively. The range of birth weight of calves was 12.01 to 44.5 kg. The estimated additive genetic variance for birth weight, average daily gain and yearling weight were 8.53 kg2, 18.99 g2 and 5173.64 kg2, respectively. The estimated phenotypic variance for birth weight, average daily gain and yearling weight were 25.38 kg2, 56.82 g2 and 6008.37 kg2, respectively. The heritability estimates of birth weight, average daily gain and yearling weight were 0.34, 0.33 and 0.86, respectively. Estimated genetic correlation of yearling weight and average daily gain with birth weight were found to be 0.87 and 0.82, respectively. Genetic correlation of average daily gain with yearling weight was 0.76. Estimated phenotypic correlation of yearling weight and average daily gain with birth weight were found to be 0.74 and 0.71, respectively. Phenotypic correlation of average daily gain with yearling weight was 0.61. Estimates of phenotypic and genetic correlations were high (rp = 0.60 to 0.74; rg = 0.75-0.87). Positive genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation were observed for all the traits. The results indicated that variation exists in the studied traits, which can be exploited in selection programs. The estimated heritability for growth traits of Brahma graded calves indicated that it can be successfully used in bull selection programmers for the improvement of indigenous cattle in Bangladesh. Key words: Brahama calves, Genetic characteristics, Phenotype, Bangladesh *Corresponding author. Cite this article: Ahmad, G.S., Hussain, M.M., Islam, M.N. & Siddiqua, S.C.A. (2016). Estimation of genetic parameters on the performance of Brahama graded calves. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 80-85. |
Suitability of intercropping red amaranth, coriander and radish with bottle gourd to intensify winter cropping systems |
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| Shahana Sultana and Md. Shahiduzzaman; Pages: 86-90 Shahana Sultana* and Md. Shahiduzzaman On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh- 2200, Bangladesh A field experiment on intercropping of red amaranth, coriander and radish with bottle gourd was conducted at farmer’s field of Netrakona and Mymensingh district during Rabi season of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to evaluate the performance of bottle gourd production and to increase land use efficiency. Four intercrop combinations such as 100% Bottle gourd + Red amaranth, 100% Bottle gourd + Coriander (leaf), 100% Bottle gourd + Radish (leaf) and Sole bottle gourd were used in the experiment. Results indicated that bottle gourd yield was reduced 5 to 20% due to the cultivation of companion crops (red amaranth, coriander and radish) but total productivity increased due to the contribution of companion crop. The highest bottle gourd yield (66.36 tha-1 in 2013-2014 and 47.42 tha-1 in 2014-2015) was obtained from sole cropping and the lowest yield (55.0 tha-1 in 2013-2014 and 39.73 tha-1 in 2014-2015) from 100% Bottle gourd + Radish (leaf) crop combination. The highest bottle gourd equivalent yield (79.63 tha-1 in 2013-2014 and 54.45 tha-1 in 2014-2015) was recorded from 100% Bottle gourd + Coriander (leaf) crop combination while the lowest bottle gourd equivalent yield (66.36 tha-1 in 2013-2014 and 47.42 tha-1 in 2014-2015) was calculated from sole bottle gourd. The treatment, 100% Bottle gourd + Coriander (leaf) also gave the highest gross margin (Tk. 199650 ha-1 in 2013-2014, Tk. 359380 ha-1 in 2014-2015) and highest BCR (2.07 in 2013-2014 and 2.94 in 2014-2015). In both the years, the lowest gross margin (Tk.148895 ha-1, Tk. 292366 ha-1) and BCR (1.81 and 2.61) was recorded in sole cropping. Results revealed that coriander (leaf) might be suitable for intercropping with 100% Bottle gourd for higher productivity and economic return in the study areas. Key words: Intercropping, Bottle gourd, companion crops, Equivalent yield, Cropping intensity *Corresponding author. Cite this article: Sultana, S., & Shahiduzzaman, M. (2016). Suitability of intercropping red amaranth, coriander and radish with bottle gourd to intensity winter cropping systems. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 86-90. |
Effect of different doses of herbicides in controlling common weeds in maize field |
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| Mohammad Sarfuddin Bhuiyan, Rabiul Islam, Md. Abdul Aziz, Md. Samsuzzaman, Md. Abdul Mazed Miah and Md. Mosiur Rahman; Pages: 91-94 Mohammad Sarfuddin Bhuiyan1*, Rabiul Islam2, Md. Abdul Aziz1, Md. Samsuzzaman3, Md. Abdul Mazed Miah3 and Md. Mosiur Rahman4 1Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh A field trial was conducted at Agronomy Research Field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh during the period from November 2014 to April, 2015 to find out the optimum dose of herbicide to control weed in maize field. The herbicides were applied at spraying of Nirani @ 0.75 g/lit water (T1), spraying of Nirani @ 1.00 g/lit water (T2), spraying of Dipon @ 0.10 ml/lit water (T3), spraying of Dipon @ 0.12 ml/lit water (T4), two hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAE (Days After Emergence) (T5), and control (no spray or hand weeding) (T6). Results showed that number of weed/m2, weed control efficiency, number of seed/cob, 1000 seeds weight and yield of maize were significantly influenced by different weed management methods. The highest weeds/m2 ((51 and 151) were recorded in control plot at 25 and 50 DAE, respectively. The lowest weed/m2 (9.7 and 41) was recorded in T2 treatment. The highest WCE was found in T2 treatment (90.38 and 84.35%) at 25 and 50 DAE, respectively followed by T4 treatment. Considering maize yield, the highest no of seeds/cob (457.07), 1000 seeds weight (333 g) and yield (7.26 t/ha) was obtained from T5 treatment which was at par with T2 (6.56 t/ha) and T4 (6.13 t/ha). The lowest was found in T6 treatment. Although treatment T5 has given the highest yield but the highest net return (Tk. 96200/ha) and BCR (3.74) was obtained from the treatment T2 for its low cost of cultivation. The result revealed that spraying of herbicide Nirani @ 1.00 g/lit water would be the most effective to control weeds for obtaining higher yield and economic return for maize production. Key words: Zea mays, Weed flora, Herbicides dose, Economic analysis *Corresponding author. Cite this article: Bhuiyan, M. S., Islam, R., Aziz, M. A., Samsuzzaman, M., Miah, M. A. M., & Rahman, M. M. (2016). Effect of different doses of herbicides in controlling common weeds in maize field. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 91-94. |
Study of selected lentil genotypes against drought |
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| Bulbul Ahmed, Md. Jahangir Alam, Md. Arafat Hossain, Mousumi Sultana, Md. Nazrul Islam, Md. Razzab Ali, Tanushree Halder, Md. Elias Hossain and Md. Mosiur Rahman; Pages: 95-99 Bulbul Ahmed1*, Md. Jahangir Alam2, Md. Arafat Hossain3, Mousumi Sultana4, Md. Nazrul Islam5, Md. Razzab Ali6, Tanushree Halder7, Md. Elias Hossain8 and Md. Mosiur Rahman9 1Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses which, often inter-relatedly, adversely affect plant growth and productivity. Plant stress responses depend on the type of stress, on its intensity, on the species, and also on the genotype. An experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Plant Physiology Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur during rabi season of 2014-15 to find out lentil genotypes for adoption in drought areas. Three previously selected genotypes BARI Masur-3, BLX-0104-9 and ILI-5143 were tested under no irrigation and irrigation (one irrigation at 30 DAS) condition. It was found that plant height, pod plant-1, seed pod-1; 1000-seed weight and seed yield were affected by with or without irrigation. Each parameter of all genotypes was decreased due to drought. The genotype BLX-010014-9 was found superior to others in respect of relative leaf area and relative yield. Key words: Lens culinaris, Drought, Genotypes *Corresponding author. Cite this article: Ahmed, B., Alam, M. J., Hossain, M. A., Sultana, M., Islam, M. N., Ali, M. R., Halder, T., Hossain, M. E., & Rahman, M. M. (2016). Study of selected lentil genotypes against drought. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 95-99. |
Relationship between characteristics of the rural youth and their participation in rural development activities in Bangladesh |
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| Mirza Mobashwerul Haque; Pages: 100-102 Mirza Mobashwerul Haque Department of Agricultural Extension and Information System ,Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of the rural youth and their participation in selected rural development activities. The study was conducted in entire Nalitabari Upazila under Sherpur district. Correlation analyses between dependent and independent variables revealed that four (4) independent variables namely family farm size, cosmopoliteness, organizational participation and communication exposure had strong positive relationship with the participation of rural youth in rural development activities. Education, family annual income and family size had non significant positive relationship and age and training experience had non significant negative relationship with the participation of rural youth in rural development activities. The study conclued that all the rural youth had low or medium positive attitude towards participation in rural development activities. There is no need to give special attention in any particular age group for the rural development activities. Education of the rural youth had no influence in rural development activities. The rural youth have high chance to involve with the family development activities. Farm size plays a vital role in case of participation in rural development activities. With increased annual income of the respondents there would have corresponding increase in the participation in rural development activities. Participation of the rural youth in rural development activities will increase, if the youth cosmopoliteness could be enhanced through various development activities. Organizational participation increase knowledge of rural youths and develop self urge and motivation to participate rural development activities. Contact with communication sources could increase participation in rural development activities to the youth which could increase rural development. Key words: Rural youth, Characteristics, Rural development activities, Bangladesh *Corresponding author. Cite this article: Haque MM (2016). Relationship between characteristics of the rural youth and their participation in rural development activities in Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 100-102. |
Fish culture techniques practiced by the farmers and cost-benefit analysis |
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| A Bosu, M Das, S Hossain, M Moniruzzaman; Pages: 103-106 Aovijite Bosu1, Monoranjan Das2, Sajjad Hossain2, Md. Moniruzzaman1 1Scientific officer, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh The present study was conducted to determine fish culture techniques practiced by the farmersand cost-benefit analysis in terms of single and multiple ownership of fish farms in Mankun Union of Muktagacha Upazilla of Mymensingh District. For this study 5 fish farms: Ali Mia Fish Farm, Amin Uddin Fish Farm, Shaiful Fish Farm, Tanzil Fish Farm, and Shapon Fish Farm were selected covering the different areas of the study area. Data were collected for a production cycle starting from April, 2014 to November, 2014. The fish farms in the study area were established during 2000 to 2011. Four fish farms were established before 2010 whereas only one fish farm was established in 2011. The maximum area of fish farm was found in Shapon Fish Farm (780 dec.) and minimum area of fish farm was found in Shaiful Fish Farm (123.5 decimal). The minimum size of the pond was 13 decimal and the maximum size of the pond was 84.5 decimal and average pond size was 47.97 decimal. The maximum net income of was observed in Ali Mia Fish Farm (7836 BDT/decimal), whereas the minimum was observed in Shapon Fish Farm (1631 BDT/decimal). The maximum BCR (1.483) and the minimum BCR (1.096) was found in Ali Mia Fish Farm and Shapon Fish Farm respectively. Average BCR was higher in single ownership fish farms (1.30) than multiple ownership fish farms (1.15).The major problem in the study area was high price of feed and low price of fish. Key words: Fish culture, Techniques, Cost benefit analysis, Bangladesh *Corresponding author. Cite this article: Bosu A, Das M , Hossain S , Moniruzzaman M (2016). Relationship between characteristics of the rural youth and their participation in rural development activities in Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 2, 2, 103-106. |
