Volume 11 Issue 1

M. Mezbaul Islam¹, Dodul Mahmud², Sharifuzzaman¹*

¹Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jhenaidah Campus, Bangladesh
²Remount Veterinary and Farm Crops, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

Feline panleukopenia (FPV), caused by the highly contagious feline parvovirus, poses a significant threat to domestic cats. This study aimed to investigate the clinical presentation, epidemiological features, and management practices of feline panleukopenia in domestic cats in Meherpur Sadar Upazila, Meherpur. A total of 133 clinically affected cats were examined from December 2023 to May 2024, with FPV accounting for 52.6% (n=70) of all cases, followed by respiratory infections (13.5%), parasitic infestations (12.8%), gastrointestinal issues (8.3%), and skin disorders (7.5%).Monthly analysis revealed the highest prevalence in February (28.57%). Persian cats (60%) were more commonly affected than Golden cats (40%), while kittens (≤4 months) exhibited the highest prevalence (42.86%). Female cats were more frequently affected (67.14%) than males (32.86%). Most cases (72.86%) occurred in households with no previous FPV cases. Cats with regular contact with others (77.14%) had a higher prevalence, highlighting the role of exposure. Non-vaccinated cats showed a significantly higher prevalence (85.71%) than vaccinated ones (14.29%), emphasizing the importance of vaccination. Vomiting was the most common clinical sign (94.29%), while diarrhea was less frequent (17.14%). Veterinarians managed 58.57% of cases, followed by quacks (34.29%) and owners (7.14%). Ceftriaxone was the most prescribed antibiotic (84.29%).This study highlights the high prevalence of feline panleukopenia in Meherpur, underscoring the critical role of vaccination and improved management in controlling the disease.

Keywords: Feline panleukopenia; Prevalence; UVH; Meherpur.

Corresponding author: Sharifuzzaman
E-mail address: sharif.edu.bd@gmail.com

Cite this article: Islam, S.M.M., Mahmud, D. & Sharifuzzaman (2025). Clinical investigation and epidemiological study of feline panleukopenia in cats in Meherpur Sadar, Bangladesh. International Journal of Applied Research, 12: 01-08. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14869582.

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Krishi Mavani¹*, Raju Baloliya²*

¹School of Excellence, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India
²Science Faculty, School of Excellence, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected health, education, and economic systems worldwide, creating an intricate web of challenges and opportunities for transformation. In the realm of health, the virus overwhelmed healthcare systems, strained public health resources, and exacerbated existing disparities in access to care, particularly in low-income regions. The pandemic’s psychological toll has been equally significant, leading to a global mental health crisis characterized by increased anxiety, depression, and stress. Education systems were disrupted at an unprecedented scale, with the abrupt shift to online learning exposing digital inequities and affecting academic progress, particularly in underprivileged communities. On the economic front, widespread lockdowns and disruptions to global supply chains led to significant economic contractions, loss of livelihoods, and deepening poverty for millions. However, the crisis also accelerated the adoption of digital tools, remote work models, and innovations in healthcare delivery, offering new pathways for resilience and sustainability. This paper explores the interconnected impacts of COVID-19 on health, education, and the economy, emphasizing how these domains influence one another. The analysis highlights disparities across and within countries, examining the unique challenges faced by marginalized populations. Finally, it discusses strategies for recovery, emphasizing the importance of equitable resource allocation, digital inclusion, and integrated policy approaches to mitigate the long-term effects of the pandemic. By addressing these multifaceted impacts, policymakers and stakeholders can build a more resilient, inclusive, and sustainable future in the post-pandemic world.

Keywords: COVID-19, health disparities, education disruption, economic impact.

Corresponding author: Krishi Mavani
E-mail address: kdmavani2008@gmail.com

Cite this article: Mavani, K. & Baloliya, R. (2025). The Multifaceted impact of COVID-19: Intersections of health, education, and economy. International Journal of Applied Research, 11: 09-15. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14870302.

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Abu Saleh Mohammad Yousuf Ali¹*, Md. Sorof Uddin², Tahera Tasmima³, Ashis Kumar Saha⁴, M. Mijanur Rahman⁵

¹Scientific Officer, Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural   Research Institute, Chapainawabgaj
²Senior Scientific Officer, Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural    Research Institute, Gazipur-1701
³Scientific Officer, On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural   Research Institute, Tangail
⁴Chief Scientific Officer, Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapainawabgaj
⁵Scientific Officer, Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural   Research Institute, Chapainawabgaj

This study evaluates the effects of various grafting and pruning techniques on the growth and fruit quality of the BARI mango variety, conducted at the Regional Horticulture Research Station in Chapainawabganj from 2019 to 2023. Using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, seven treatments were implemented, including normal grafting and multiple grafting methods, alongside stem cutting. Significant variations were observed in plant growth metrics. Treatment 1 (T₁) achieved a maximum height of 4 m and a base girth of 34.5 cm, yielding 11.1 kg of fruit from 30 fruits, despite having the fewest branches (7.5). In contrast, Treatment 3 (T₃) reached a height of 2.25 m with a base girth of 23 cm, producing 12.32 kg from 28 fruits, but exhibited the highest number of branches (12.5). T₃ also resulted in the largest average fruit weight at 440.2 g, while Treatment 7 (T₇) recorded the highest edible portion at 81%. Further analysis revealed that T₃ and Treatment 2 (T₂) had the highest Total Soluble Solids (TSS) percentages (21%), indicating superior fruit sweetness. These results underscore the importance of specific grafting and pruning strategies in optimizing both the structural integrity and fruiting potential of the BARI mango variety. The findings highlight the potential for implementing high-density planting practices, enhancing productivity, and contributing to sustainable agricultural systems.

Keywords: Grafting, Pruning, BARI mango, Dwarfing techniques, Fruit quality, High-density planting.

Corresponding author: ASMY Ali
E-mail address: yousufr007@gmail.com

Cite this article: Ali, A.S.M.Y., Uddin, M.S., Tasmima, T., Saha, A.K. & Rahman, M.M. (2025). Manipulation through grafting and pruning for dwarf shape of BARI released mango variety. International Journal of Applied Research, 11: 16-22. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14942382.

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Md. Rahat Ul Azam¹, Nasreen Farhana², Most. Rehena Parvin³, Md Tajul Islam⁴, Sharmin Sultana⁵, Alok Das⁶, Khaleda Begum⁷

¹Nursing Instructor, Rangpur Nursing College, Rangpur
²Associate Professor, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka
³Nursing Instructor, Nursing Institute, Naogaon
⁴Nursing Instructor, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Nursing College, Gazipur
⁵Senior Staff Nurse, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Dhaka
⁶Senior Staff Nurse, Directorate General of Nursing and Midwifery, Dhaka
⁷Senior Staff Nurse, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur

The fundamental focus of nursing education programme is to produce nursing professionals that are clinically competent and can contribute widely to the provision of quality and safe nursing care. Multifaceted strategies are needed for up to date and up to international standards. This research work will shed light on the direction of these strategies. A cross sectional study was design to determine faculty’s perception regarding improvement of nursing education system in Bangladesh. From 14 nursing educational institutions 195 faculty members were selected for this study using multistage sampling. The study was carried out from January to December, 2020.  A pretested semi structured questionnaire based on study objectives were used to collect data. Distributions of the socio demographic status of the respondents were females 92.8% (n-181) and males 7.2% (n-14). Their mean age was 48.2 years, SD= ± 5.89. In educational level 94.4%, (n-184) of the respondents were post graduates, 4.6% (n-11) were graduates. This study reveals 92.3% respondents recommended for improvement of admission criteria, 99% were recommended for development of PhD programme and 100% were mentioned to establish a nursing university, 97.9% of the respondents had mentioned to developed a curriculum that reflect more technology oriented, 99.5% for patient safety and professionalism, 97.9% had mentioned for international accreditation. Among all respondents 69.2 % mentioned about lacking of clinical teacher, 99% had mentioned to establish a teacher’s training college, 96.4% faculty perceived that periodic faculty appraisal should initiate. Educational qualification of the faculty members showed significant relations with maintaining of teacher student ratio according to world health organization (WHO) guideline (p-value=0.026), designation of the respondents showed significant relations with faculty development programme (p-value=0.039), age of the respondents showed significant relation in health information technology (p-value=0.03), supportive staff (p-value=0.01), shortages of faculty (p-value=0.03). We need for reviewing and guiding nursing education system. It will also help the policy makers to evaluate the perception of faculties and take necessary steps to optimize nursing education system. This study concluded that many of the fields of nursing education system need improvement to strengthen nursing education to produce more competent nursing workforce which will be an important part of health system in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Improvement, Nursing education, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author: Md. Rahat Ul Azam
E-mail address: rahatnipsom42@gmail.com

Cite this article: Azam M.R.U, Farhana, N., Parvin, M.R., Islam, M.T., Sultana, S., Das, A. & Begum, K. (2025). Perception of faculties regarding improvement of nursing education system in Bangladesh. International Journal of Applied Research, 11: 23-33. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15343006

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P.K. Langat¹*, E.W. Njenga¹, P. Jeruto¹, C. W. Lukhoba², F.M. Musila³

¹Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, Kenya
²Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Kenya
³Department of Biological and Life Sciences, Technical University of Kenya, Kenya

The genus Dodonaea (Sapindaceae) comprises slightly over 70 species. Dodonaea viscosa is a plant of Australian origin with seven subspecies. In Kenya, there are two subspecies. D. viscosa has been used medicinally to manage several ailments. It is considered a difficult taxonomic group due to its polymorphic nature. Owing to its uses in ethnomedicine and the taxonomic challenge of Kenyan subspecies, a molecular phylogenetic study was done using ITS1 and rbcL genes from Kenyan populations. DNA was extracted, sequenced, exported to MEGA 11, PhyloSuite, and R for analysis. Aligned sequences were subjected to evolutionary analyses and PCA while phylogeny was constructed using maximum likelihood (ML) method. Nucleotide frequency and substitution rates, nucleotide disparity index, and evolutionary divergence of the genes were very low implying a short genetic distance among the Kenyan populations. ML trees showed that the highland and coastal Dodonaea populations were closely related as they are monophyletic and have high bootstrap values.  PCA showed that rbcL genes contributed to most variations in Dodonaea populations where two clusters based on rbcL genes were observed. In contrast, ITS1 genes contributed to fewer variations and grouped all Dodonaea populations into one cluster. This study provides more data to solve the taxonomic challenge of D. viscosa. There is a need for further studies targeting other gene regions to understand well the phylogenetic relationships of Kenyan populations of Dodonaea.

Keywords: Dodonaea viscosa, ITS1, rbcL, Molecular phylogeny and PCA.

Corresponding author: P.K. Langat
E-mail address: pklangat1985@gmail.com

Cite this article: Langat, P.K., Njenga, E.W., Jeruto1, P., Lukhoba, C. W. & Musila, F.M. (2025). Molecular phylogeny and genetic diversity of Dodonaea viscosa populations from North Rift and Coastal Kenya using ITS1 and rbcL markers. International Journal of Applied Research, 11: 34-44. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15742932

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Nazma Khatun¹, Md. Shariful Islam², Reva Mondal³, Mohammad Nurul Anowar⁴

¹MSN Student, National Institute of Advanced Nursing Education and Research (NIANER), Dhaka, Bangladesh
²Department of Adult and Elderly Health Nursing, NIANER, Dhaka, Bangladesh
³Department of Nursing Management, NIANER, Dhaka, Bangladesh
⁴Department of Adult and Elderly Health Nursing, NIANER, Dhaka, Bangladesh

The study aimed to describe patient-centered care among nurses working in critical care settings in Bangladesh. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, targeting nurses at the National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital in Mohakhali, Dhaka. Data collection took place from July 2022 to June 2023, with a total of 112 nurses selected through convenience sampling. A structured questionnaire was used, comprising two parts: Part 1 addressed socio-demographic and work-related characteristics, while Part 2 included the Patient-Centered Critical Care Nursing (PCCN) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed a mean patient-centered care score of 3.80 (SD = 0.48) out of a maximum of 5, indicating a moderate level of patient-centered care among nurses in critical care settings. Additionally, several socio-demographic and work-related variables such as age, designation, years of experience as a registered nurse, experience in critical care units, and the type of critical care unit were found to have significant associations with specific subscales of patient-centered care. These results suggest the need to develop educational programs aimed at enhancing patient-centered care and improving the overall quality of nursing care.

Keywords: Patient-centered care, Critical care nursing, Nurse experience, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author: Nazma Khatun
E-mail address: khatunnazma542@gmail.com

Cite this article: Khatun, N., Islam, M.S. Mondal, R. & Anowar, M.N. (2025). Patient-centered care among nurses working at the critical care setting in Bangladesh. International Journal of Applied Research, 11: 45-53. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16715225

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Afsana Mimi Eiti Mony¹, Syed Musfekus Salehin Sian², Md. Shahiduzzaman³, Mohammad Mofizur Rahman Jahangir¹

¹Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
²Department of JIDPUS, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
³Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Indigo (Indigofera tinctoria L.), a nitrogen-fixing legume, has re-emerged in Northern Bangladesh as a sustainable cash crop with agronomic, ecological, and socio-economic benefits. However, its long-term effects on soil health remain poorly quantified. This study assessed key physicochemical and biological properties like pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) across eight indigo cultivation sites representing diverse soils and management histories. Results revealed substantial spatial heterogeneity, with pH ranging from 5.09 to 6.31, SOC from 0.57% to 2.24%, and TN from 0.08% to 0.17% (p < 0.001 for SOC and TN). The majority of sites (62.5%) exhibited SOC < 1.0%, indicating organic matter depletion, while Leavens Blue emerged as a fertility hotspot with SOC levels four times greater than in the most degraded site. Available P (14.85–33.69 ppm) and S (0.14–12.00 ppm) showed high within-site variability without significant regional differences, and MBC ranged from 187.29 to 637.20 mg kg⁻¹, reflecting sensitivity to micro-environmental conditions. These findings highlight that while indigo can sustain soil fertility under appropriate management, notable differences between sites demand tailored interventions particularly pH correction and organic matter enhancement to optimize productivity and ecological resilience. This work provides the first comprehensive evidence base for developing region-specific soil management strategies in support of indigo’s role in sustainable agriculture and rural livelihoods in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Indigo (Indigofera tinctoria), Soil Fertility, Soil Organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen, Microbial Biomass Carbon, Sustainable Agriculture.

Corresponding author: M.M.R. Jahangir
E-mail address: mmrjahangir@bau.edu.bd

Cite this article: Mony, A. M. E., Sian, S. M. S., Shahiduzzaman, M., & Jahangir, M. M. R. (2025). Assessment of soil health in indigo cultivated land at Northern Bangladesh. International Journal of Applied Research, 11: 54-62. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16896280

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Kazy Mohammad Iqbal Hossain

Centre for Higher Studies and Research (CHSR), Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh

The textile and apparel industry are a critical driver of global economic development, yet it remains one of the most environmentally intensive sectors. This study conducts a systematic literature review of 38 peer-reviewed publications from 2020 to 2025 to examine the intersection of environmental pollution, sustainability practices, and climate resilience within the textile value chain. Utilizing the PRISMA 2020 framework, the review synthesizes evidence across multiple domains, including industrial ecology, circular economy, digital innovation, and policy integration. Key findings highlight persistent challenges such as high water and energy consumption, hazardous chemical discharge, and limited material circularity, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Concurrently, the analysis identifies emerging solutions involving bio-based materials, closed-loop production systems, and the deployment of Industry 4.0 technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and digital twins to enhance traceability and operational efficiency. The study also introduces climate resilience as a critical yet underrepresented dimension in textile sustainability discourse, emphasizing the need for adaptive capacity, stakeholder collaboration, and regulatory coherence. By integrating environmental, economic, and technological perspectives, this review contributes a comprehensive framework for guiding the textile sector’s transition toward sustainability and resilience in alignment with global climate and development goals.

Keywords: Textile sustainability, circular economy, climate resilience, environmental pollution, digital transformation, Industry 4.0.

Corresponding author: Kazy Mohammad Iqbal Hossain
E-mail address: iqbalwrdbuet@gmail.com

Cite this article: Hossain K.M.I. (2025). A systematic review of sustainability, innovation, and climate resilience in the global textile industry (2020–2025). International Journal of Applied Research, 11: 63-73. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16902609

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