Volume 8 Issue 2

Bir Jahangir Shirazy¹*, ABM Mostafizur², ABM Jamiul Islam¹, Md. Khairul Quais¹, Amina Khatun³, Md. Ibrahim³

¹Senior Scientific Officer, Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
²Scientific Officer, Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
³Principal Scientific Officer, Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A baseline survey was carried out in Sreepur upazila of the Gazipur district in 2017–18 to learn more about the current farming practices used by the farmers there. The information is about the social and economic traits of farm households for the crop years 2017–2018, as well as the number of inputs and outputs. Simple random sampling was used to collect the data. According to the results of the initial survey, there were 6, 36, and 9 marginal (0.021–0.2 ha), small (0.21–1 ha), and medium (1.01-3 ha) farmers within the sample of 51 farmers. From the six main farming systems, most farmers used the solo crop system, followed by the crop+livestock+poultry+household and crop+livestock systems. During the Boro season, only HYV rice types were used at the location, as opposed to T. Both HYV and native cultivars were employed during the Aman season. In the research region, there were four main cropping patterns. Boro-Fallow-T.Aman rice was the primary crop, followed by Boro-Fallow-Fallow, Veg-Veg-Veg, and one banana. The year-round vegetable crop (Vegetables-Vegetables-Vegetables) produced the highest net returns out of the four cropping patterns, followed by banana and Boro-Fallow-T. Aman at Tk. 1,68,000, 65,360, and 26,700 Tk./ha), while the cropping technique used in Boro-Fallow-Fallow had the lowest net return at Tk. 7673/ha. only. Out of the 51 farmers in the survey, 14 were fish farmers at the FSRD site, where the average total farm gross margin from fish was TK. 8250 holding carps and other fishes. When a farm was marginal, non-farm revenue (from others) was greater than agricultural income. On the other hand, small and medium farms brought in more money than businesses and services combined. The main ways that medium, small, and marginal economies made money were through services, businesses, and other sources of income, in that order. Additionally, the greatest returns from the sector for medium, small, and marginal farmers were Tk. 27000, 22000, and 7125 for medium, small, and marginal farmers, respectively. The income from livestock was Tk. 40000, Tk. 60000, and Tk. 3000. Insect and pest attacks were found to be the primary issues facing farmers, followed by the high cost of inputs and a lack of cash. Male farmers (75.98%) outnumbered female farmers in their participation in decision-making (33.17). Medium-sized farmers consumed more meat, fish, and vegetables than small and marginal-sized farmers.

Keywords: Baseline survey, crop improvement, socio-economic condition, livestock and poultry, farming system research, cropping pattern, farmers livelihood.

Corresponding author: BJ Shirazy
E-mail address: bjshirazy@yahoo.com

Cite this article: Shirazy, B.J., Mostafizur, A.B.M., Islam, A.B.M.J., Quais, M. K., Khatun, A. & Ibrahim M. (2022). Characterization of farming systems for the improvement of cropping system and farm productivity. International Journal of Applied Research, 8 (2): 01-11. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7476866.

Md. Anwar Hossain¹*, Md. Enamul Haque², Mashrufa Tanzin³, Molla Mohammad Neyamul Basar⁴, Muhammad Riazul Islam³, Apurbo Kumar⁵

¹Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
²Bangladesh Milk Producers’ Co-operative Union Limited, Dhaka Dairy Plant, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
³Rural Development Academy (RDA), Bogra, Bangladesh
⁴Rural Development and Cooperative Division, LGRD & C, Bangladesh
⁵Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

The research work was conducted to find out the present condition of indigenous cow rearing and milk production performance to give important suggestions for production constraints. The experiment was conducted at a nearby village named Andharupara, union poragaon adjacent to Hill area, Sherpur district having 100 local cows were taken under this study. Fifty (50) farmers were selected with direct interview. Data was compiled statistically only for tabular, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Body weight and condition score of the observed value were 130.21kg and 2.75, respectively. Average daily intake of feed was 12.5 kg (fresh basis) and 7.72 kg (DM basis). From the results of the experiment, it was found that average daily milk yield of the indigenous cows for whole lactation period was 1.43 kg per day. The mean value of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and fat percentage were 7.95 (g 100/ml), 51 (%) and 57.40 g/kg, respectively. The age at first calving for local cows found 51.70 months and lactation length was 238.5.6 days. The average birth weight of the local calves found 13.45 kg. From the study it can be concluded that morphometrics and production traits of indigenous cows was favorable and profitable practices in selected areas.

Keywords: Local cows, Production performance, Milking yield and Village condition.

Corresponding author: Md. Anwar Hossain
E-mail address: anwar.kbd82@gmail.com

Cite this article: Hossain, M. A., Haque M. E., Tanzin M., Basar,M. M. N., Islam, M. R. &  Kumar, A. (2022). Production performance of indigenous cows under a village condition of Sherpur District. International Journal of Applied Research, 8 (2): 12-17. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7480243.

Franck Etimé Ngohang, Hugues Massimba Dibama, Patrice Soulounganga, Lara Typhaine Laclong Lappa, Daniel Datch Mefouet Abessolo,  Jean Aubin Ondo

Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire des Sciences (LAPLUS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Libreville, rue des grandes écoles, Bp 17009 LBV/Gabon

Barteria fistulosa mast is a tree found from western Nigeria to the Equatorial forest of Central Africa, which bark is empirically used in Gabon by local population to relieve infantile colics. This study consists of a phytochemical analysis of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Barteria fistulosa mast bark from Gabon. We have identified secondary metabolites present in the extracts of the bark. The results of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins in the different extracts. The results of quantitative analysis showed that aqueous extract is more concentrated (127.1 ± 10.1mg GAE/100g) in total polyphenonols than ethanolic extract (35.7 ± 6.80 mg GAE/100g) of dry matter. Concerning total flavonoids, ethanolic extract shows a concentration of 4.99 ± 0.08 mg QE/100g of dry matter, while for the aqueous extract we note no quantitative detection by the Genesis10 Uv–Vis spectrophotometer. Finally, the presence of several groups of active molecules would justify its use in traditional medicine, particulary against infantile colics in Gabon.

Keywords: Barteria fistulosa mast, infantile colics, phytochemistry.

Corresponding author: F. E. Ngohang
E-mail address: estimefranck@live.fr

Cite this article: Ngohang, F.E., Dibama H.M., Soulounganga, P., Lappa, L.T.L., Abessolo, D.D.M. & Ondo, J.A. (2022). Phytochemical study of Barteria fustolisa mast bark traditionally used against infantile colics by local population in Gabon. International Journal of Applied Research, 8 (2): 18-22. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7538582.

Md. Ridwan-Ul-Rabbi¹, A. B. M. Shafiul Alam²*, Md. Moniruzzaman³

¹Human Resource Management, Faculty of Business Studies, Jahangirnagar University
²Senior Scientific Officer, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
³Scientific Officer, Bangladesh Fisheries research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

Hypertension (HTN) is an important public health challenge in Bangladesh. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the level of preventive practices against hypertension among the OPD (Outdoor Patient Department) attendants in Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogra. We examined 245 conveniently selected hypertensive patients who were admitted to the selected hospital through a self-structured questionnaire and a detailed face to face interview. Result revealed that among the attendants 61.6% were males and 38.4% were females. Most of the respondents were 40 to 60 years old. The level of preventive practices of HTN were both good (48.24%) and bad (51.8%). Only 26.12% of respondents were knowledgeable about signs of hypertension whereas 73.88 % were not knowledgeable on it. Only 31.43% of respondents were no knowledge about symptoms of hypertension whereas 68.57 % were known the symptoms of hypertension. Only 4.90% of hypertensive patients were knowledgeable about the effects of hypertension and the little (22.04%) had no idea. Most of the respondents (73.06%) were not known about the effects of hypertension. 7.41 % of respondents were aware of the prevention of hypertension whereas most of the respondents (92.59%) were not aware that how to prevent hypertension. Only few (0.41%) were strongly agreed to maintain a hypertensive diet to prevent hypertension. In the present study on KAP (Knowledge Attitude and Practices) of Hypertension, it was revealed that though all the respondents had heard the name of hypertension or high Blood pressure, but their knowledge regarding the cause, symptoms, contraindication, effects, prevention, control and risk factors of the disease is vague and inadequate. Majority of the respondents had partial knowledge about the cause and effect of hypertension.

Keywords: Hypertension, OPD attendants, Knowledge Attitude and Practices (KAP).

Corresponding author: A. B. M. Shafiul Alam
E-mail address: shafiulalamshahed@gmail.com

Cite this article: Rabbi, M.R.U., Alam, A.B.M.S. & Moniruzzaman, M. (2022). Level of preventive practices against hypertension among the OPD attendants of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogura. International Journal of Applied Research, 8 (2): 23-30. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7589558.

Sheuly Akter¹, Soheli Jahan Mou², Sudeb Sarker², Sharifuzzaman³, Md. Faruk Islam¹, Begum Fatema Zohara¹, Mst. Sogra Banu Juli¹

¹Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
²Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka
³Jhenidah Government Veterinary College, Jhenidah

The breeding efficiency of dairy animals plays an important role in dairy economics. Any deviation in the breeding rhythm results in a progressive economic loss. Bangladesh failed to earn the targeted achievements in the dairy sector for a lot of constrains, among which anestrous is an important cause. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of anestrus and to determine the comparative effectiveness between hormonal and non-hormonal treatment for anestrus cows and heifers. This study was conducted at two Upazillas (Birganj and Kaharol) of the Dinajpur District of Bangladesh (from January-December, 2017). Forty (40) cows were confirmed to be anestrus through questionnaire and rectal palpation among 200. All cows were divided into prepartum heifers (15) and post-partum (25) cows. According to the design of treatment, again each group was randomly allocated into 3 groups, in which Group I, (Nutritional supplement as a balanced diet, appetizer, Vitamin ADE, Group II (GnRH analog), and Group III (GnRH analog and PGF2α). The results of this study showed that the overall prevalence of anestrus was 20%. The prevalence of anestrus was high in post-partum cows (20.16%) than that in prepartum heifers (19.74%). Results found that 83.3% of postpartum cows showed estrus after treatment with 2.5 ml GnRH followed by 3 ml PGF2α (Group III). The percentage of animals that showed estrus in prepartum heifers and post-partum cows were 75.0% and 66.0%, respectively after 2.5 ml GnRH injection. In post-partum cows, the mean intervals between treatments to the first estrus (onset of estrus) were significantly shorter (P < 0.05) in group II and III than that of group 1 (52.25 ± 12.78, 24.00 ± 6.93, vs. 583.11 ± 44.27 hours, respectively) in case of prepartum heifers. On the other hand, the mean intervals from treatments to the onset of estrus in pre-partum heifer were significantly (P < 0.05) shorter in III (36.94 ± 2.45 hours) and group II (74.67±1.33 hours) than group I (590.40 ± 58.59 hours). There is no significant differences in service per conception and pregnancy rate were observed among different groups of pre-partum heifer. Similarly, there was no significant variation in service per conception rate among all treated groups. Therefore, more than one insemination is required in both prepartum heifers and post-partum cows. It might be suggested that both nutritional and hormonal treatment is effective -for the treatment of anestrus.

Keywords: Prevalence, Anestrus, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author: Sheuly Akter
E-mail address: sheuly.vdr@gmail.com

Cite this article: Akter, S., Mou, S.J., Sarker, S., Sharifuzzaman, Islam, M.F., Zohara B.F. & Juli, M.S.B. (2022). Management of anestrus cows using hormonal and non-hormonal drugs. International Journal of Applied Research, 8 (2): 31-36. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7632604.

Sabyasachi Mazumder¹, Soheli Jahan Mou¹, Sudeb Sarker¹, Md. Abu Hasan Lovlu¹, Chandan Kumar Sarkar², Subarna Rani Kundu³, Mahbub Mostofa² and Nazim Ahmad²

¹Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh, Dhaka
²Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University
³Department of Anatomy and Histology, Khulna Agricultural University

The experiment was performed on “Cobb-500” broiler chicks to experience the effects of Vitex negundo (Nishyinda) and Carica Papaya (Papaya) leaf extract on growth performances and haemato-biochemical parameters. A total of thirty broiler chicks (16 days old) were randomly allocated into three equal groups (n=10). Two groups of broilers fed nishyinda and papaya leaf extracts apart at the rate of 2 ml/L with water for 22 days. Broiler chicks fed on commercial feed were considered as the control group. The results showed that the body weight of broilers increased when treated with nishyinda extract compared to the control group. After having completed the trial, the birds were sacrificed to collect the blood sample for hematological and biochemical analysis. Compared to the control group, growth performances were traced higher in the treated group. In the treated group, total erythrocytes count, hemoglobin content, and ESR values were found higher. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were found significantly abated in the medicated groups. Compared to controls, the serum alkaline phosphatase & HDL was significantly increased in treated groups. Further investigations are inevitable to determine the effects of nishyinda and papaya leaf extract on the quality of broiler meat and immune status to assure the safety for human consumption.

Keywords: Nishyinda, Papaya, extract, growth, haemato-biochemical, parameter, broiler.

Corresponding author: Sabyasachi Mazumder
E-mail address: rony.bau016@gmail.com

Cite this article: Mazumder, S., Mou, S. J., Sarker, S., Lovlu, M.A.H., Sarkar, C. K., Kundu, S. R., Mostofa M. & Ahmad, N. (2022). Effects of nishyinda and papaya leaf extract on growth performance and hemato-biochemical parameters of broiler. International Journal of Applied Research, 8 (2): 37-41. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7857044.

Md. Akhtaruzzaman, Anisuzzaman, Md. Shahiduzzaman

Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymennsing-2202

Detection of Anaplasma organism in Bangladesh is mostly performed by microscopic examination which would make poor detection of organism and less specific identification as well. The aim of this study was to detect Anaplasma marginale from both tick and cattle reared in Dinajpur and Sirajganj district of Bangladesh by PCR. From February 2017 to February 2018, blood and tick samples were collected from 370 cattle. The blood samples were initially screened for Anaplasma spp by staining of blood smear with Giemsa stain and examined under microscope. The DNA was extracted from the microscopically positive blood samples and subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In the first step, PCR was performed targeting the 16srRNA gene sequence to confirm the presence of Anaplasma organism in the samples (PCR product size 781bp). In second step, the presence of A. marginale organism was detected in the samples targeting the MSP1β gene of A. marginale (PCR product size 95bp). The overall prevalence of tick infestation in cattle was 59.20% (219/370 cattle). A. marginale was detected by nPCR in 33.78% blood samples of cattle and 17.35% tick samples.  Among the ticks 25 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and 13 Haemaphysalis bispinosa, were positive with A. marginale. The study indicates that A. marginale is common in cattle of Dinajpur and Sirajganj district of Bangladesh with higher infection rate in Sirajganj district.

Keywords: Anaplasma marginale, cattle, tick, nPCR, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author: M Shahiduzzaman
E-mail address: szaman@bau.edu.bd

Cite this article: Akhtaruzzaman, M., Anisuzzaman & Shahiduzzaman, M. (2022). Molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale from cattle and tick in Dinajpur and Sirajganj districts, Bangladesh. International Journal of Applied Research, 8 (2): 42-48. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8313951.