Volume 5 (2019)

Yamin Ara Khatun¹*, Md. Abdur Rahman², Ila Jahan Nodi³

¹National Institute of Advance Nursing Education and Research (NIANER), Bangladesh.

²Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh.

³Health Education and Development Society (HEADS), Dhaka, Bangladesh

This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on purposively selected 400 elderly (235 male and 165 female with the age of 60 years and above) people, from four randomly selected rural areas in four divisions of Bangladesh with the aim to determine family behaviors with elderly people, health status and their care seeking patterns. Relevant information was collected by face to face interview using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Average age of the respondents was 72.6 years for males and 70.1 years for females. About two-fifths of them were illiterate. Among the participants, 66% of males were farmers and 84.2% of females were housewives. At the time of interview 85.2% of males and 63.1% of females suffered from some kind of disability and 68.5 % of males and 66.7 % of females were found to suffer from some sorts of illness. Main type of disabilities was difficulty in walking, visual disturbance, uncontrolled urine and eating disability.  Among the chronic illness; gastritis, diabetes and hypertension were most prevalent. Greater percentage (82.1%) of male respondents had their wives still alive; contrary to only 40.6 % of females had their husbands still alive. Regarding participant satisfaction of the nursing care by their family members, significant differences were noted between the literate and illiterate group. In literate group, 93.5% of literate males and 83.3% of literate females were satisfied with the family members’ nursing care. Whereas among the illiterate group, 86.6 % of illiterate males and 65.8 % of illiterate females were satisfied with the family members’ nursing care. Additionally, significant statistical association was found with the monthly family income and acute illness of any sort at the time of interview. Conclusion: The social wellbeing of the rural elderly in Bangladesh is not strong.  Care and engagement of the female elderly especially were far from satisfactory, including their experience of family support. Targeted programs are needed to meet their needs. Implication: This analysis is helpful to policy makers and program planners to create sustainable aging policies.

Keywords: Family behavior, Elderly people, Care seeking pattern
.
*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: yaminbd92@gmail.com (Khatun YA)

Cite this article: Khatun, Y.A., Rahman, M. A. & Nodi, Ila-J. (2019). Family behavior with elderly people and their care seeking pattern in rural Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 29-33. 

Md. Mahfuzul Hoque^1,*, Md. Motiar Rohman¹, Fahmida Akhtar², Md. Abdur Rouf³ and K. M. Fahid Hossain⁴

¹Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

²Tuber crop Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

³Research Wing, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

⁴On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

An experiment was carried out in 8 × 8 diallel crosses for combining ability analysis without reciprocal of maize for grain yield, yield contributing characters, maturity and growth parameters. Analysis of variance for combining ability showed that mean square value due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for grain yield (t ha^-1), days to silking and ear height indicating that these traits were governed by both additive and non-additive gene action. Variances due to GCA were higher for all characters except thousand grain weight revealed that the predominance of additive gene action for all characters except thousand grain weight. Parent P8 was the best general combiner for yield and most of the yield contributing characters. Parent P1 and P4 were the best general combiner for dwarf and earliness in plant. Three crosses (P1 × P4, P2 × P3 and P4 × P8) showed positive and significant SCA effect for yield involving low × low, average × average and high × low general combining parents. Two crosses (P3 × P8 and P4 × P8) showed positive and significant heterosis in compare to standard check NK-40 and BHM 9.

Keywords: Combining ability, Heterosis, Maize (Zea mays L)

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mahfuzbari@yahoo.com (MM Hoque)

Cite this article: Hoque, MA, Rohman, M., Akter, F., Rouf, MA., & Hossain, KMF. (2019). Explortation of hybrid vigor for grain yield and other characters in maize (Zea mays L.). Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 34-42. 

Most. Shamima Khatun^{1 & 2*}, Md. Jahedur Rahman³, Jasim Uddin³, Most. Akhter Jahan Kakon^{4 & 2} and Anil Kumar Mahato⁵

¹Department of Agriculture, Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

²Present address: Mushroom Development Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh

³Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

⁴Deartment of Agriculture, Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215; Bangladesh

⁵Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

An experiment was conducted in Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University to find out the effect of plant spacing and potassium fertilizer on growth and yield of cabbage. The experiment comprised of two factors viz. factor A: three plant spacing; S₁: 60 cm × 30 cm, S₂: 60 cm × 40 cm and S₃: 60 cm × 60 cm and factor B: four levels of potassium fertilizer; K₀: 0 kg; K₁: 90 kg; K₂: 120 kg and K₃: 150 kg K₂O ha^-1, respectively. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Different treatments showed significant variations on growth, yield components and yield of cabbage. The tallest plant 37.7 cm, diameter of head 19.1 cm and fresh weight of head^-1 1.87 kg were found in 60 cm × 60 cm (S₃) spacing and lowest was observed in 60 cm × 30 cm (S₁) spacing.  On the other hand, the tallest plant 39.5 cm, highest diameter of head 18.8 cm, fresh weight of head^-1 1.62 kg and lowest values were observed respectively when 150 and 0 (zero) kg potassium in ha^-1 was applied. For combined effect the tallest plant 40.2 cm, diameter of head 21.0 cm, fresh weight of head^-1 2.21 kg were found in S₃ × K₃ and the lowest was observed in S₁ × K₀ treatment combination. The highest gross yield (81.9 t ha^-1), marketable yield (61.3 t ha^-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.98) was noted from S₂ × K₃ and the lowest from S₁ × K₀ combination. So, 60 cm × 40 cm spacing with 150 kg K₂O ha^-1 was the best for growth and yield of cabbage.

Keywords: Plant spacing, Potassium, Growth and yield, Cabbage, Genotype

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: ra_shamima@yahoo.com (Shamima Khatun)

Cite this article: Khatun, M.S., Rahman, M.J., Uddin, J., Kakon, M.A.J., & Mahato, A.K. (2019). Effect of plant spacing and potassium level on growth and yield of cabbage genotype Atas-70. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 43-52. 

Kouamé Kouassi Bernadin^1,2, Coulibaly Kalpy Julien³, Kabran Guy Roger Mida⁴, Mamyrbekova-Békro Janat⁴, Koné Mamidou Witabouna^1,2*

¹UFR Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire

²Unité de Botanique et Médecine traditionnelle, Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire, BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

³Unité de Chimie et Microbiologie de l’Environnement, Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire, BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

⁴UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-organique et Substance Naturelles, Université Nangui Abrogoua, BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire 

Contamination of plant-based drugs by microorganisms is a common problem in many countries. However, reports on the influence of microflora on chemical quality of medicinal plants are scarce. The present study was conducted to access the evolution of polyphenols content of the stem bark of Mitragyna ledermannii (K. Krause) Ridsdale, a medicinal plant stored and sold on the markets of the Abidjan District. The polyphenols content was assessed using spectrophotocolorimetry on 32 samples that had microbial load ≥105 CFU/g. Polyphenols content ranged from 1366.67 μg EAG/g Dry Matter to 17266.67 μg EAG/g Dry Matter. The correlation established between the polyphenol content and microbial loads revealed three trends: increase of polyphenols content and decrease of the load of microflora or inversely, increase of polyphenols content and increase of the load of microflora and finally decrease of polyphenols content and load of microflora. These results show that in overall the microbial contamination may alter polyphenol content of raw plant material sold on markets. However, other factors as temperature can be incriminated.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Microbial contamination, Polyphenols, Storage

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: konemamidou.sn@univ-na.ci (Koné Mamidou Witabouna)

Cite this article: Bernadin, K.K., Julien, C.K., Mida, K.G.R., Janat, M.B., & Witabouna, K.M. (2019). Polyphenols content and microbial load of stem barks of Mitragyna ledermannii (K. Krause) Ridsdale (Rubiaceae), during storage on markets of the District of Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire). Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 53-62. 

Bir Jahangir Shirazy^1,*, A.B.M. Mostafizur¹, Lipiara Khatun¹, Amina Khatun¹, Md. Mamunur Rashid², Md. Sirajul Islam² and Nadia Akter³

¹Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

²Farm Management Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

³Genetic Resource and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh 

In the coastal region of Bangladesh farmers’ usually cultivate local or other high yielding variety of rice though do not get satisfactory yield. A farmers’ participatory block demonstration was conducted at Kaligonj, Satkhira under both saline and non-saline area during Boro season, 2015-16 to evaluate the performance of newly released high yielding rice variety. Salt tolerant BRRI dhan67 was compared to BINA dhan-10 in the saline environment and premium quality BRRI dhan63 was compared to popular variety BRRI dhan28 in the non-saline area in Boro-Fallow-T. Aman cropping system. Results revealed that BRRI dhan67 gave higher yield, gross margin and gross return than BINA dhan-10 in the saline area whereas in the non-saline area the performance of BRRI dhan63 was better than existing popular variety BRRI dhan28. Farmers’ also preferred BRRI dhan67 and BRRI dhan63 to BINA dhan-10 and BRRI dhan28, respectively. In a nutshell, it can be said that BRRI dhan67 can be grown successfully in saline area while BRRI dhan63 in non-saline condition of Satkhira region.

Keywords: Winter rice, Salt tolerant, Coastal region, Salinity, Cropping system

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: bjshirazy@yahoo.com (Bir Jahangir Shirazy)

Cite this article: Shirazy, B.J., Mostafizur, A.B.M., Khatun, L., Khatun, A., Rashid, M.M., Islam, M.S., & Akter, N. (2019). Evaluation of Salt Tolerant Winter Rice Variety for Coastal Region of Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 63-66. 

Justine Anyango Ochieng’¹*, Harrysone Atieli¹, Benard Omondi Abongo^{2, 3} and Collins Ouma²

¹Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Private Bag, Maseno, Kenya

²Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Private Bag, Maseno, Kenya

³National University of Lesotho, Faculty of Science and Technology, P.O Roma 180, Maseru, Lesotho, Southern Africa 

Parents play a critical role in educating their children on issues including sexual and reproductive health (SRH). However, content of discussions of SRH issues with their hearing-impaired adolescent children is unknown. We sought to identify the content of and factors that influence discussions of SRH issues between parents and their hearing-impaired adolescent children. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire interview and focus group discussions from 384 parent-child pairs from 10 approved schools for the hearing-impaired children in the former Nyanza region of western Kenya. The SRH issues discussed included delaying sexual debut, abstinence, use of condoms, family planning, HIV and AIDS, and uptake of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) services. Age, gender, education, marital status and area of residence of the parents, and gender of the child influenced discussions of SRH issues between parents and their children. Notably, parents who had secondary and tertiary levels of education (OR = 3.474, 95% CI = 1.191-10.131, P = 0.023 and OR = 5.483, 95% CI = 1.650-18.155, P = 0.005, respectively), parents who lived in urban areas (OR = 1.877, 95% CI = 1.198-2.947, P = 0.006), discussed more with their children on SRH issues. However, parents aged 31-40 years (OR = 0.030, 95% CI = 0.002-0.423, P = 0.009) and divorced parents (OR = 0.069, 95% CI = 0.007-0.663, P = 0.021) communicated less with their children. Similarly, there was less communication between the male children and their parents on such issues (OR = 0.346, 95% CI = 0.186-0.645, P = 0.001). These results underscore the role of parents as an important source of information for the children and the need to include them in programs aimed at conveying SRH issues to such vulnerable children. There is also a need to enhance capacity of the parents and improve their access to requisite information to effectively communicate SRH issues to the children.

Keywords: Deaf children, Parents, Communication, SRH, Content of discussion

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: anyangoj@gmail.com (Justine Anyango Ochieng’)

Cite this article: Ochieng, J.A., Atieli, H., Abongo, B.O., & Ouma, C. (2019). Content of sexual and reproductive health discussions between hearing-impaired adolescent children and their non-hearing-impaired parents in Kenya. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 67-74. 

Mosammat Nazia Akhter¹, Abu Nadir Shahab Uddin Ahmed Siddiqui², Bulbul Ahmed³, Subarna Kundu⁴ and Nibedita Nath⁵

¹Training and Communication Wing, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

²Department of Agricultural Extension, Kaliganj, Gazipur -1720, Bangladesh

³Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

⁴Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

⁵Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh 

An experiment was carried out at the Horticultural Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207 with two growth regulators, Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) applied at two different stages namely vegetative stage and curd formation stage to observe the growth, curd size and yield contributing characters of the modern HYV cauliflower cultivar, ‘Shirajuki’. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The field experiment had three replications. There were three concentrations of IAA (0, 5, 10 ppm) and GA3 (0, 80, 100 ppm). Application of IAA 10 ppm resulted the minimum (47.76) days from transplanting to curd initiation and the maximum (34.40 cm) plant height was at harvest while the minimum (28.86 cm) was recorded from control treatment. The maximum number of leaves per plant (25.04), length of the largest leaf (50.77 cm), breadth of the largest leaf (18.20 cm) at harvest, curd diameter at harvest (23.38 cm) were recorded from IAA 5 ppm (I1) whereas, the minimum was recorded from control treatment. Application of GA3 100 ppm (G2) resulted the highest pure curd height (14.59 cm), curd weight with leaves (1.90 kg) at harvest, marketable curd weight (1.33 kg plant^-1) and curd yield (53.33 t ha^-1) while the lowest was recorded from control treatment. The maximum benefit cost ratio (BCR) (2.93) was recorded from the treatment combination of I₂G₂ while the minimum (1.18) was recorded from control treatment. Therefore, IAA 10 ppm and GA₃ 100 ppm indicating the economic viability of using growth regulator in curd growth and yield of cauliflower.

Keywords: Growth regulator, Foliar application, Curd formation, Cauliflower

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: nazia.sau@gmail.com (Mosammat Nazia Akhter)

Cite this article: Akhter, M.Z., Siddiqui, A.N.S.U.A., Ahmed, B., Kundu, S., & Nath, N. (2019). Effect of IAA and GA3 on the growth, curd formation and yield of cauliflower. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 75-83. 

Afroza Hossain¹, Md. Omar Faruk², Md. Shadat Ulla¹, Md. Sekender Ali¹

¹Department of Agricultural Extension and Information System, Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

²Upazila Agriculture Officer, Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka, Bangladesh

The main purpose of the study was to determine the extent of job satisfaction of Sub Assistant Agriculture Officers (SAAOs) of Department of Agricultural Extension. Attempts were made to describe some selected characteristics of the SAAOs and examine relationships of each of the characteristics with their job satisfaction. Data were collected from 39 SAAOs of six upazilas under Faridpur district. A set of questionnaire was prepared keeping in mind the objectives. Data were collected from the Sub Assistant Agriculture Officers during their upazila level meeting from 10-31 July, 2014. Age, professional commitment, job performance, technological knowledge, problem confrontation capacity, motivation, supervision personality, training exposure and initiativeness for addressing farmer’s problem of the SAAOs were considered as the selected characteristics of SAAOs for the study. Pearson’s Product Moment correlation coefficent was used for determining the correlation between each of the selected characteristics of the SAAOs with their job satisfaction.  From the coefficient analysis it was found that the age, personality and initiativeness for addressing farmer’s problem had significant relationship with their job satisfaction.

Keywords: Job satisfaction, SAAOs, DAE, Bangladesh

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: afrozahossain1989@gmail.com (Afroza Hossain)

Cite this article: Hossain A, Faruk MO, Ulla MS and Ali MS (2019). Extent of job satisfaction of sub assistant agriculture officers of the department of agricultural extension. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 84-92. 

Md. Zakir Hossain¹*, Md. Ashraf Sarker², Rajib Biswas³, Md. Panjarul Haque⁴, Mosharaf Hossain⁵, Md. Mizanur Rahman⁶

¹Regional Wheat Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rajshahi
²Bangladesh Sugar and Food Industries Corporation, Rajshahi
³Bangladesh Bank, Dhaka
⁴Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chattogram
⁵Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur
⁶Barind Multipurpose Development Authority, Rajshahi

A research work was conducted on water distribution systems in three different shallow tubewells (STW) irrigation schemes at Nalchity Upazila in Jhalakati district, Bangladesh. Water distribution systems were improved earthen canal, pre-cast canal and buried pipe irrigation system. The main objectives of the study were to estimate construction cost and compare among improved earthen canal, pre-cast canal and buried pipe irrigation systems for water distribution to the field providing useful information for the improvement of command area for surface irrigation. The capacity of selected three STWs was 14 litre/sec. The construction costs of improved earthen canal, pre-cast canal and buried pipe system were Tk. 43.85 Tk. 285.5 and Tk. 590.25 per running meter respectively. The command area of the STW under improved earthen canal, pre-cast canal and buried pipe system were found 3.22 ha, 4.6 ha and 6.13 ha respectively. The highest serviceable life and command area was found for buried pipe distribution system. Considering construction cost, command area and serviceable life of canals, the buried pipe distribution system was economically superior to others for command area development.

Keywords: Buried pipe, head loss, open channel, velocity, entrance loss and exit loss.

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: zakzuberi@gmail.com (M. Z. Hossain)

Cite this article: Hossain,M.Z., Sarker, M. A., Biswas, R., Haque, M. P., Hossain, M. and Rahman, M. M.  (2019).  Construction cost study on improved earthen canal, pre-cast canal and buried pipe irrigation systems. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 145-154. 

Mohammad Ferdous Siddique, Arun Chandra Barman, Md. Moniruzzaman, Nazmul Hossen, Sonia Sku, Mohosena Begum Tanu, Yahia Mahmud

Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

A study was conducted to compare the growth performance of Lamellidens marginalis, L. corrianus and Hyriopsis cumingii in the pond complex of Bangladesh Fisheries research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from July 2017 to June 2018. Relative growth rate for the mussels were evaluated. The growth (shell length, and weight) of three different mussels were calculated and recorded on a monthly basis throughout the study period. Average initial shell length of L. marginalis, L. corrianus and H. cumingii were measured at 5.69±0.5cm, 5.06±0.28cm and 17.65±0.19cm and weight measured at 11.86±1.73g, 11.97±2.98g and 429.51±42.25g. After one year of rearing the average final shell length and weight were recorded for 8.59±0.39cm, 8.14±0.29cm, 18.13±0.14cm and 23.58±1.65g, 23.5±2.85g, 465.13±39.59g respectively. The health condition of mussels were found 2.74 ± 0.36g cm^-1, 2.88± 0.32g cm^-1, 25.65 ± 0.35g cm^-1 respectively. The relative growth rate was calculated for weight of L. marginalis, L. corrianus and Hyriopsis cumingii at 98.81±2.69%, 96.32±1.89% and 8.29±3.32% respectively. Water quality parameters also monitored during the culture period which did not affect the growth and survival of these three Lamellidens species. The native mussel L. marginalis and L. corrianus showed better performance than H. cumingii because imported H. cumingii may struggle to adapt with new the aquatic habitat of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Lamellidens marginalis, Lamelliden corrianus, Hyriopsis cumingii, Growth performance, Freshwater mussel, Pond ecology.

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: siddique.bfri@gmail.com (Mohammad Ferdous Siddique)

Cite this article: Siddique, M. F., Barman, A. C.,Moniruzzaman, M.,Hossen, N.,Sku, S., Tanu M. B. & Mahmud Y. (2019).  Growth performance of Lamellidens marginalis, Lamelliden corrianus and Hyriopsis cumingii under captive condition in pond ecology of Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 155-158 

Md. Abdul Mannan¹,  Rounok Jahan², Hazrat Ali Khan³,  Md. Zakir Hossain⁴, Md. Abdus Salam⁵, Md. Arifa Jahan Chowdhury Tanny⁶

¹ACI Motors, Dhaka
²Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh
³Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board, Dhaka
⁴Regional Wheat Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rajshahi
^5,6Horticulture Centre, Kishoreganj

Leaf area index (LAI) is a dimensionless index, which can be defined as the assimilative leaf relative to the projected ground area for plant community (one-side area for broad-leaved trees. It is probably the most useful structural variable for quantifying the energy and mass exchange characteristics of terrestrial ecosystem. LAI is frequently used for estimating evapotranspiration and net primary productivity, since the variables are directly related to important issues such as climatic change and global carbon cycles. LAI has been an important driver to some ecosystem models applied at landscape to global scales. Study on the spatial distribution of LAI on the Earth’s surface has been helpful to understand the various biological and physical processes within a terrestrial ecosystem, such as photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, carbon and nutrient cycles, and rainfall interception. Leaf area index is an index of plant growth and is related to the accumulation of dry matter, plant metabolism and yield. It is also related to crop quality and maturity. In this study, measurement of LAI using direct and indirect methods, their advantages, disadvantages and accuracy of the results were evaluated. The AccuPAR LP-80 provides a rapid estimate of leaf area index. The AccuPAR LP-80 gave LAI values which were close to results obtained from the direct method. It was observed from regression analysis, a strong correlation was found between direct and indirect method with regression values (R2>0.92). LAI values were taken three times in a day using AccuPAR LP-80 for several days. LAI values indicate the growth of oil palm. The LAI values which were got from AccuPAR LP-80 are almost accurate for their age. It could be concluded that AccuPAR LP-80 could be used to measure the LAI instead of other methods for its accuracy and less time consuming.

Keywords: Leaf area index, oil palm, area index, ecosystem, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: zakzuberi@gmail.com (Md. Zakir Hossain)

Cite this article: Mannan, M. A., Jahan, R., Khan, H. A., Hossain, M. Z., Salam, M. A. & Tanny M. A. J. C.(2019).  Measurement of leaf area index of oil palm using AccuPAR LP-80 (PCA). Intl. J. Appl. Res. 5, 159-168