Vol. 1, Issue 2 (Sept. 2015)

Jubaidur Rahman^1*, AHM Motiur Rahman Talukder², A.K.M. Zonayed-ull-Noor³, Mukaddasul Islam Riad⁴, Fouzia Sultana Shikha⁵, Md. Mizanur Rahman⁶, Nahid Kaisar⁷, Lutfun Nahar⁸

1Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
2Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
3Seed Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
4Plant Genetic Resources Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
5Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
6Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
7Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh
8Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

An experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jamalpur during rabi season of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to find out optimum plant population of garden pea under intermixed cropping with onion for maximize land use efficiency and economic return. The highest bulb yield (10.3 and 11.0 t ha^-1) was obtained from sole onion while the lowest from 100% onion (broadcast) + 50% garden pea (75 cm × 5 cm) (broadcast) in two consecutive years (5.5 and 6.3 t ha^-1, respectively). Pod yield varied among the different treatment combination due to the different ratios of garden pea. The highest pod yield (9.11 1st yr. and 9.31 2nd yr.) was obtained from sole garden pea (30 cm × 5 cm) in line sowing while the lowest (5.15 1st yr. and 2nd yr 5.73) from 100% onion (broadcast) + 50% garden pea (75 cm × 5 cm) following broadcasting in both the years. Bulb yield of onion was reduced due to intermixed cropping with garden pea compared to sole onion but addition of garden pea yield with onion it increased total productivity of intermixed cropping which is expressed in onion equivalent yield (OEY). The highest OEY for 100% onion (broadcast) + 80% garden pea (37.5 cm × 5 cm) in line sowing was (19.7 in 1st yr. and 19.8 in 2nd yr., respectively) while in case of 100% onion (broadcast) + 60% garden pea (50 cm × 5 cm) in line sowing it was 18.93 for 1st yr. and 21.6 for 2nd yr., respectively. Intercropping increased land use efficiency which is expressed in land equivalent ratio (LER) and it was higher in any of the intermixed cropping treatment compared to sole onion.  In the 1st year maximum gross margin was recorded in  100% onion (broadcast) + 80% garden pea (line sowing) followed by the  100% onion ( broadcast) + 60% garden pea  but in the 2nd year it was obtained from the combination of 100% onion (broadcast) + 60 % garden pea followed by the 100% onion ( broadcast) + 80% garden pea (line sowing). Therefore, cultivation of garden pea with onion would be more profitable than sole cropping of onion.

Key words: Intermixed cropping, Mixed cropping, Onion, Garden pea

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: jubaidurjp@gmail.com (Jubaidur Rahman)

Cite this article: Rahman, J., Talukder, A. H. M. M. R., Noor, A. K. M. Z., Riad, M. I., Shikha, F. S., Rahman, M. M., Kaisar, N., & Nahar, L. (2015). Intermixed cropping of garden pea with onion. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 79-82.

AKM Salim Reza Mollik, Md. Asaduzzaman*, GMA Halim and Md. Habibur Rahman

Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Strawberry plants were cultured in three different growing media to compare their influence under glasshouse condition at hydroponic facility of Olericulture division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh during winter season of 2014-15. The experimental design was completely randomized block design with 20 replicated plant/pots. There were three types of soilless culture substrates such as solution culture in the tray, coco-dust substrate and coco-dust + sand substrate (60:40) in 12 L plastic container. The concentration of nutrient solution was 1.5 dS/m and pH was maintained at 6.5. Considering dry matter production, leaves dry matter was not affected but root dry matter was much greater (178% and 83% compared to coco-dust and coco-dust + sand, respectively) in solution culture. Fruit weight per plant was higher in solution culture (178% and 137% greater than coco-dust and coco-dust + sand culture, respectively) compared to either of the coco-dust based substrates. The yield was consistently contributed by number of fruits/plant and average fruit weight. The qualities of strawberry fruits except total soluble solids were not differed significantly in all growing condition. In general plant grown in solution culture performed better than plants grown in coco-dust and coco-dust +sand substrate. This study indicates that sole coco-dust or its mixture with sand would not be comparable with solution culture in producing strawberry under soilless hydroponics.

Key words: Substrate culture, Fragaria × anannasa Duch,Coco-dust, Substrate mixture, Fruit quality

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: asadcbt@bari.gov.bd (Md. Asaduzzaman)

Cite this article: Mollik, A. K. M. S. R., Asaduzzaman, M., Halim, G. M. A., & Rahman, M. H. (2015). Effect of coco-dust growing media on the yield and quality of strawberry in soilless culture. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 83-86.

Farhana Hoque¹, Sarder Tasaddeque Ahamed¹, Nizamul Haque Patwary¹, Shah Muhammad Shahidullah¹, A.B.M. Nurul Anwar²

1Department of Agricultural Extension, Ministry of Agriculture, Peoples Republic of Bangladesh, Khanarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka.
2Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

The present study was aimed to determine the selected problem confrontation in vegetable cultivation in and around the homestead by female rural youth from small and landless families. The study further explored the relationships between the selected characteristics of female rural youth and their selected problem confrontation in vegetable cultivation. Data were collected from a sample of 80 female rural youth from Fakirakanda of sadar upazila, Mymensingh district. Data were collected through an interview schedule during August -September, 2002. To measure problem confrontation in vegetable cultivation, Problem Confrontation Index (PCI) was computed to determine the rank order of 10 items for problem confrontation. The PCI ranged from 0-300. In 10 items of problem confrontation in vegetable cultivation only 2 items had PCI above 200 and the top three in the rank order were: ‘unable to undertake activities due to financial inability of parents/husband’ (261),’unable to undertake works for lack of cash’ (247), and ‘high price of seed, seedling, fertilizer and insecticides’ (184). Overall problem confrontation of female rural youth revealed that nearly two-fifths (40%) had low and nearly two-fifths (38%) medium problems. Education and rural mindedness had negative relationships with the problems in vegetable cultivation. Innovation proneness of female rural youth also had positive relationship with their problem confrontation in vegetable cultivation. The study revealed that comparatively low educated, less rural minded and more innovative female youth faced more problems. These factors should be in the minds of planners and extension officials while organizing female youth extension programmes.

Key words: Female Rural Youth, Problem Confrontation, Vegetable Cultivation

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: anny_farhana@yahoo.com (Farhana Hoque)

Cite this article: Hoque, F., Ahamed, S. T., Patwary, N. H., Shahidullah, S. M., & Anwar, A. B. M. (2015). Problem confrontation of small and landless female rural youth in vegetable cultivation. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 87-91.

Md. Abdur Rashid¹, Md. Harunor Rashid¹, Md. Zamir Uddin^1,*, Md. Ashraful Alam¹, Asma Anwari², Md. Zahurul Islam³ and Abu Saleh Mohammad Yousuf Ali¹ 

1Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj-6300, Bangladesh
2Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
3Horticulture Centre, Kallayanpur, ChapaiNawabganj-6300, Bangladesh

Performances of twelve exotic mango germplasm were evaluated with the local in respect of their qualitative and quantitative fruit characteristics at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh. Germplasm includes Botolbeki, Khirbombai, Bissanath, Gilapirkara, Pukurpar, Carabao, Zalibam, Bogla, Kurpabhog, Lohachur, Baunilata and Madrazi. The heaviest fruit (430.0 g) was produced in Botolbeki followed by Bissanath (295.0 g) while Carabao produced the lightest fruit (103.3 g). The highest edible portion (70.4%) was obtained from Botolbeki while the lowest edible portion was found in Khirbombai (50.0%). The TSS was recorded maximum (23.3%) in Lohachur closely followed by Carabao (22.6%) whereas minimum TSS (14.2%) was found in Bissanath. The highest number of fruits (61) was obtained from Carabao and the highest yield (20.23 kg) as well as the highest fruit length (10.9 cm), breadth (8.7 cm) and thickness (7.5 cm) were found in Botolbeki whereas the lowest yield was found in Gilapirkara (1.41 kg). Considering fruit and stone characteristics, yield and edible portion Botolbeki followed by Bissanath, Pukurpar, and Kurpabhog found superior. Among the germplasm, Lohachur, Gilapirkara and Carabao has greater sweetness having very lower fruit yield. Four germplasm namely Botolbeki, Bissanth, Pukurpar and Kurpabhog can be further studied for variety release.

Key words: Exotic mango germplasm, Edible portion, Total soluble solids, Fruit yield

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: zamirhybrid@yahoo.com (Md. Zamir Uddin)

Cite this article: Rashid, M. A, Rashid, M. H., Uddin, M. Z., Alam, M. A., Anwari, A., et al. (2015). Performance of twelve exotic and local mango germplasm in Chapai Nawabganj region of Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 92-94.

Ashraful Alam¹, Jahangir Alam², K M Fahid Hossain³ and S M Aulad Hossain¹ 

1Society for Development Initiatives, 2/4, Block-C, Shahjahan Road, Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.
2Department of Agricultural Extension, Dhunat, Bogra-5850, Bangladesh.
3Research Wing, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Prevalence of diseases on rose was surveyed in five selected gardens location at the Bangladesh Agricultural University campus, Mymensingh. Altogether seven diseases were recorded during the survey. The diseases, in order of prevalence, were botrytis blight (Botrytis cinera), cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora puderi), rose mosaic (Rose Mosaic Virus), black spot (Diplocarpon rosae), die-back (Botryodiplodia theobromae), alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria alternata) and stem canker (Crytosporella umbrina). The incidence as well as the severity of the individual disease varied significantly of each other with respect to site of the flower garden and age of the plants. Of the seven diseases, except die-back cause by B. theobromae, six other diseases have been reported from different parts of the world. Thus, die-back of rose recorded in the present study appears to be a new world record of rose disease. Furthermore, among the seven diseases encountered in the present study, only black sport caused by D. rosae was reported earlier from Bangladesh. Thus, six diseases namely alternaria leaf spot, botrytis blight, cercospora leaf spot, die-back, rose mosaic and stem canker are being reported as new disease of rose in the country.

Key words: Disease survey, Rosa spp., Flower garden, Disease severity and incidence

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: sashrafulalam@yahoo.com (Ashraful Alam)

Cite this article: Alam, A., Alam, Z., Hossain, K. M. F., & Hossain, S. M. A. (2015). Study on the diseases of rose at Bangladesh Agricultural University campus. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 95-102.

Md. Nazrul Islam¹, Md. Mushfiqur Rahman², Khondoker Mohammad Alam¹, Nazmun Naher³, Sanzida Hoque⁴ and Md. Mahfuz Alam^1,*

¹Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
²Breeder Seed Production Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Debigonj-5020, Bangladesh
³Pulse Research Sub-station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
⁴Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Bacterial leaf blight of guava caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae is an emerging disease and great threat for production of healthy guava saplings in different nurseries of Bangladesh. A survey was conducted in nurseries of some selected areas viz. Dhaka, Gazipur, Barisal and Khagrachari districts of Bangladesh to know the status of bacterial leaf blight of guava in terms of its incidence and severity and to observe the effect of temperature, relative humidity and rainfall on the occurrence of leaf blight disease incidence and severity on guava saplings. The highest incidence (55.55% and 67.22%) was recorded in July, in 2010-2011 at Gazipur and July, in 2011-2012 at Barisal, respectively and the lowest incidence (13.15% and 19.25%) was observed in January, at Khagrachari. The similar trend were found in case of disease severity, where highest severity (47.41% and 65.62%) was observed in July, in 2010-2011 at Gazipur and July, in 2011-2012 at Barisal, while the lowest (10.73% and 11.66%) was recorded in January, 2010-2011 at Khagrachari and in January, 2011-2012 at Dhaka, respectively. A significant variation in development of the leaf blight disease was observed in varied weather parameters. Occurrence of leaf blight disease was positively correlated with temperature, rainfall and relative humidity. That is why there were great variation of disease incidence and severity on guava from one location to another and season to season. These weather parameters should be critically addressed for host-pathogen interaction and to find out the most appropriate time for combating the leaf blight disease at minimum cost.

Key words: Bacterial leaf blight, Guava pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mahfuzbari@gmail.com (Md. Mahfuz Alam)

Cite this article: Islam, M. N., Rahman, M. M., Alam, K. M., Naher, N., Hoque, S., & Alam, M. M. (2015). Bacterial leaf blight of guava saplings at Dhaka, Gazipur, Barisal and Khagrachori districts of Bangladesh. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 103-112.

Shammi Akhtar^1,*, Md. Shahiduzzaman¹, Nargis Sultana¹, Md. Abdul Helim Khan¹, Md. Moniruzzaman¹, Shahana Sultana¹ and Md. Khurshed Alam² 

¹On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
²Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation, Mymensingh-2200, Bangladesh

The experiment was conducted at Multi Location Testing Site, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Phulpur, Mymensingh in two consecutive winter seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to select the suitable vegetable for cultivation with hybrid maize. Four crop combinations were as sole maize, maize + red amaranth, maize + radish, and maize + spinach. The crop combinations were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The highest maize yield (8.54 tha^-1) was obtained from sole maize cropping and lowest yield (8.30 tha^-1) was recorded from maize + spinach combination. The highest maize equivalent yield (13.89 tha^-1), gross return (Tk. 2,08,350 ha^-1) and gross margin (Tk.1,47,975 ha^-1) were obtained from maize + red amaranth combination. Whilst the lowest maize equivalent yield (8.54 tha^-1), gross return (Tk. 1,28,100 ha^-1) and gross margin (Tk. 58,875 ha^-1) were obtained from sole maize cropping. Among the crop combinations, red amaranth with maize was found economically profitable and suitable crop arrangement for increasing productivity in the study area.

Key words: Zea mays L., Crop combinations, Vegetable crops, Equivalent yield

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: shammiakhter_bari@yahoo.com (Shammi Akhtar)

Cite this article: Akhtar, S., Shahiduzzaman, M., Sultana, N., Khan, M. A. H., Moniruzzaman, M., et al. (2015). Intercropping of short duration vegetables with hybrid maize. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 113-116.

Zohirul Islam Rony^{1, *}, Abdullah-Al-Motin², Salma Sultana², Md. Mostafizur Rahman³, Md. Miraz Hussain⁴, and Md. Shafiqul Islam Khan⁵ 

¹Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh
²Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
³Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
⁴Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
⁵Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

Drinking water from natural sources in coastal Bangladesh has become contaminated by varying degrees of salinity due to saltwater intrusion from rising sea levels, cyclone and storm surges, and upstream withdrawal of freshwater which exerts detrimental effects on the health condition of coastal people. Pregnancy itself is a crucial time for women when the salinity increases its vulnerability regarding the raising of blood pressure. A study on the effect of saline water intake on the health status of pregnant women was undertaken in different saline prone areas of Taltoli upazilla of Barguna district of coastal Bangladesh to observe the effect of salinity on the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The salinity was measured as the sodium (Na) concentration in urine by biochemical analysis and subsequent blood pressure was taken in the local private diagnostic laboratory. It was revealed that the average age, Na concentration, water intake, urine output, systolic and diastolic pressure were 20.00, 167.5, 3.13, 1.13, 100 and 70 for 1^st trimester and  23.53, 169.76, 3.44, 1.13, 110 and 72.35 for 2^nd trimester and 25.50, 168.83, 3.63, 1.15, 113.33 and 74.58 for 3^rd trimester respectively. In case of parity  average age, Na concentration, water intake, urine output, systolic and diastolic pressure  were 21.36, 160.50, 3.46, 1.14, 106.34 and 72.14 for 1^st parity  and  24.27, 170.33, 3.43, 1.11, 110 and 72  for 2^nd parity and, 24.27, 170.33, 3.43, 1.11, 110 and 72 for 3^rd parity respectively. Correlation matrix express that sodium concentration has the significant association with the age and the highly significant association with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Logistic regression model was fitted to observe the effects of sodium with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (bp) separately. The odds ratio (OR) estimate shows that women with systolic bp ≥120 had 1.109 times greater sodium concentration than with systolic blood pressure of <120 and, with diastolic bp ≥ 80 contain 1.064 times greater sodium concentration than with diastolic blood pressure of < 80.

Key words: Salinity, Pregnant women, Sodium concentration, Blood pressure

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: ronydvm85@yahoo.com (Zohirul Islam Rony)

Cite this article: Rony, Z. I., Motin, A. A., Sultana, S., Rahman, M. M., Hussain, M. M., et al. (2015). Effect of saline water on the health status of pregnant women in Barguna district of coastal Bangladesh: A climate change study. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1(2), 117-121.

Md. Forhadul Miraz, Md. Abdul Mozid, Md. Shahidul Haque and Md. Abdul Latif^* 

Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

The regeneration in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) through in vitro method was achieved by direct culture of mature seeds on MS culture medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. The callus was formed plantlet regeneration from cotyledonary node, epicotyl and hypocotyl as explants. Calli were transferred to regeneration media and multiple shoots from the calli was formed within 2 to 4 weeks of culture initiation. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration (70.37%) was observed in MS medium containing 2 mg/L IAA and 3 mg/L BAP and 4 mg/L Kn. Pea va. BARI Chola 2 responded better (42.36%) than var. BARI Chola 1 (36.57%) for shoots regeneration. All the factors such as explants, varieties and growth regulators, during callus induction play significant roles in subsequent high frequency shoot generation.

Key words: Chickpea, Organogenesis, In vitro

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: latifdae2353@gmail.com (Md. Abdul Latif)

Cite this article: Miraz, M. F., Mozid, M. A., Haque, M. S., & Latif, M. A. (2015). In vitro organogenesis of chickpea (Cier arietinum L.). Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1, 2, 122-127.

Hossain Akil¹, M.A. Reza ², S.M. Kamruzzaman^3* 

¹Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh
²Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Putakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh
³Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are involved in various pathophysiological processes such as inflammation and carcinogenesis. As part of our search for anti-inflammatory activities of plant extracts, we examined the inhibitory effect of Mangifera indica (MI) on iNOS and cox-2 expression, in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.1 µg/ml) treated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The water extract of MI dose dependently inhibited NO production in LPS activated Raw 264.7 macrophage cell. MI reduced LPS induced mRNA expression of iNOS, COX-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), IL (interlukin)-1β, and GM-CSF (Granulocyte monocyte-colony stimulating factor) in concentration-dependent manner, as determined by RT-PCR. These data indicate that MI may have an anti-inflammatory property as evidenced from its inhibition of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, GM-CSF and IL-1β gene expression.  However, more detailed studies using additional models are necessary to further characterize the effects of MI in inflammatory disorders.

Key words: Inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor- alpha, LPS

*Corresponding author.
E-mail address: drsazadru@yahoo.com (SM Kamruzzaman)

Cite this article: Akil, H.,  Reza, M.A. &   Kamruzzaman, S.M. (2015). Aqueous extract of Mangifera indica inhibits LPS induced inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell. Intl. J. Appl. Res. 1, 2, 128-132.